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In structural geology, a syncline is a fold with younger layers closer to the center of the structure, whereas an anticline is the inverse of a syncline. A synclinorium (plural synclinoriums or synclinoria) is a large syncline with superimposed smaller folds. [1] Synclines are typically a downward fold (synform), termed a synformal syncline (i ...
A geosyncline (originally called a geosynclinal) is an obsolete geological concept to explain orogens, which was developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, before the theory of plate tectonics was envisaged. [1][2] A geosyncline was described as a giant downward fold in the Earth's crust, with associated upward folds called ...
Note the man standing in front of the formation, for scale. New Jersey, U.S. In structural geology, an anticline is a type of fold that is an arch-like shape and has its oldest beds at its core, whereas a syncline is the inverse of an anticline. A typical anticline is convex up in which the hinge or crest is the location where the curvature is ...
These folds were produced by Alpine deformation. In structural geology, a fold is a stack of originally planar surfaces, such as sedimentary strata, that are bent or curved ("folded") during permanent deformation. Folds in rocks vary in size from microscopic crinkles to mountain-sized folds. They occur as single isolated folds or in periodic ...
A thrust fault is a type of reverse fault that has a dip of 45 degrees or less. [1][2] If the angle of the fault plane is lower (often less than 15 degrees from the horizontal [3]) and the displacement of the overlying block is large (often in the kilometer range) the fault is called an overthrust or overthrust fault. [4]
A monocline (or, rarely, a monoform) is a step-like fold, one limb of which is roughly horizontal. Both domes and periclines are anticlines in which the strata fall away about equally in all directions. There are also a number of ' disturbances ' named in parts of the country, notably in South Wales. These linear features are a combination of ...
A zero-offset non-migrated data set. Raw zero-offset data for a simple syncline in a constant velocity world. Notice the signature bow-tie effect in the image. This is the result of reflections occurring from both sides of the syncline, and arriving at the same receiver at different times. Migration can correct this effect.
Strike and dip. In geology, strike and dip is a measurement convention used to describe the plane orientation or attitude of a planar geologic feature. A feature's strike is the azimuth of an imagined horizontal line across the plane, and its dip is the angle of inclination (or depression angle) measured downward from horizontal. [1]