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  2. Cradle of civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cradle_of_civilization

    Neolithic cultures emerged in the region from 8000 BC onwards. The civilizations that emerged around these rivers are the earliest known non-nomadic agrarian societies. It is because of this that the Fertile Crescent region, and Mesopotamia in particular, are often referred to as the cradle of civilization. [21]

  3. Sumer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumer

    c. 5500 – c. 1800 BC. Preceded by. Ubaid period. Followed by. Akkadian Empire. Sumer (/ ˈsuːmər /) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the sixth and fifth millennium BC.

  4. History of the Mediterranean region - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the...

    When Augustus founded the Roman Empire, the Mediterranean Sea began to be called Mare Nostrum (Latin: "Our Sea") by the Romans. Their empire was centered on this sea and all the area was full of commerce and naval development. For the first time in history, an entire sea (the Mediterranean) was free of piracy.

  5. Semitic languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semitic_languages

    There are six fairly uncontroversial nodes within the Semitic languages: East Semitic, Northwest Semitic, North Arabian, Old South Arabian (also known as Sayhadic), Modern South Arabian, and Ethiopian Semitic. These are generally grouped further, but there is ongoing debate as to which belong together.

  6. Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan_and_the...

    Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World (2004) is a history book written by Jack Weatherford, Dewitt Wallace Professor of Anthropology at Macalester College. It is a narrative of the rise and influence of Mongol leader Genghis Khan and his successors, and their influence on European civilization. Weatherford provides a different slant ...

  7. Mesopotamia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia

    e. Mesopotamia[a]is a historical regionof West Asiasituated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent. Today, Mesopotamia is known as present-day Iraq. [1][2]In the broader sense, the historical region of Mesopotamia also includes parts of present-day Iran, Turkey, Syriaand Kuwait.

  8. History of the Middle East - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Middle_East

    The Middle East was the first to experience a Neolithic Revolution (c. the 10th millennium BCE), as well as the first to enter the Bronze Age (c. 3300–1200 BC) and Iron Age (c. 1200–500 BC). Historically human populations have tended to settle around bodies of water, which is reflected in modern population density patterns.

  9. Islam and modernity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_and_modernity

    Islam and modernity is a topic of discussion in contemporary sociology of religion. The history of Islam chronicles different interpretations and approaches. Modernity is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon rather than a unified and coherent one. It has historically had different schools of thought moving in many directions.