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Charred crumbs of a flatbreadmade by Natufianhunter-gatherersfrom wild wheat, wild barley and plant roots between 11,600 and 14,600 years ago have been found at the archaeological site of Shubayqa 1in the Black Desertin Jordan, predating the earliest-known making of bread from cultivated wheat by thousands of years.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (/ ˌsɛrəˈvɪsi.iː /) (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungal microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have been originally isolated from the skin of grapes.
Grape cultivation, winemaking [citation needed], and commerce in ancient Egypt c.1500 BC. Wine played an important role in ancient Egyptian ceremonial life. A thriving royal winemaking industry was established in the Nile Delta following the introduction of grape cultivation from the Levant to Egypt c.3000 BC.
A bread stall, from a Pompeiian wall painting. Most people would have consumed at least 70 percent of their daily calories in the form of cereals and legumes. [1] Grains included several varieties of wheat—emmer, rivet wheat, einkorn, spelt, and common wheat (Triticum aestivum) [2] —as well as the less desirable barley, millet, and oats.
Brown bread (left) and whole grain bread. Dark sprouted bread. Ruisreikäleipä, a flat rye flour loaf with a hole. Bread is the staple food of the Middle East, Central Asia, North Africa, Europe, and in European-derived cultures such as those in the Americas, Australia, and Southern Africa.
Winemaking. Wine grapes from the Guadalupe Valley in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. Winemaking, wine-making, or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine -making stretches over millennia.
The process of fermentation in winemaking turns grape juice into an alcoholic beverage. During fermentation, yeasts transform sugars present in the juice into ethanol and carbon dioxide (as a by-product). In winemaking, the temperature and speed of fermentation are important considerations as well as the levels of oxygen present in the must at ...
Nordic bread culture. (Redirected from Nordic Bread Culture) Assortment of different types of bread, including rye, flatbreads, crispbreads, and nut bread. Danish rye bread made with whole grain, broken grain, and seeds. Nordic bread culture has existed in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden from prehistoric times through to the present.