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Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol. The prefix kilo-, for example, may be added to gram to indicate multiplication by one thousand: one kilogram is equal to one thousand grams. The prefix milli-, likewise, may be added to metre to indicate division by one thousand; one millimetre is equal to one thousandth of a ...
The unit prefixes are always considered to be part of the unit, so that, e.g., in exponentiation, 1 km 2 means one square kilometre, not one thousand square metres, and 1 cm 3 means one cubic centimetre, not one hundredth of a cubic metre. In general, prefixes are used with any metric unit, but may also be used with non-metric units.
Prefix Symbol Factor Power tera T 1 000 000 000 000: 10 12: giga G 1 000 000 000: 10 9: mega M 1 000 000: 10 6: kilo k 1 000: 10 3: hecto h 100 10 2: deca da 10 10 1 (none) (none) 1 10 0: deci d 0.1 10 −1 ...
The prefix kilo, for example, implies a factor of 1000 (10 3), and the prefix milli implies a factor of 1/1000 (10 −3). Thus, a kilometre is a thousand metres, and a milligram is one thousandth of a gram. These relations can be written symbolically as: [4]
≡ 0.453 592 37 kg: pound (metric) ≡ 500 g = 500 g pound (troy) lb t ≡ 5760 grains = 0.373 241 7216 kg: quarter (imperial) ≡ 1 ⁄ 4 long cwt = 2 st = 28 lb av = 12.700 586 36 kg: quarter (informal) ≡ 1 ⁄ 4 short ton = 226.796 185 kg: quarter, long (informal) ≡ 1 ⁄ 4 long ton = 254.011 7272 kg: quintal (metric) q ≡ 100 kg = 100 ...
[1]: 143 For example, g/cm 3 is an SI unit of density, where cm 3 is to be interpreted as (cm) 3. Prefixes are added to unit names to produce multiples and submultiples of the original unit. All of these are integer powers of ten, and above a hundred or below a hundredth all are integer powers of a thousand.
The kilogram is the only standard unit to include an SI prefix (kilo-) as part of its name. The gram (10 −3 kg) is an SI derived unit of mass. However, the names of all SI mass units are based on gram , rather than on kilogram ; thus 10 3 kg is a megagram (10 6 g), not a * kilokilogram .