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  2. Cofactor (biochemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofactor_(biochemistry)

    Vitamins can serve as precursors to many organic cofactors (e.g., vitamins B 1, B 2, B 6, B 12, niacin, folic acid) or as coenzymes themselves (e.g., vitamin C). However, vitamins do have other functions in the body. [29] Many organic cofactors also contain a nucleotide, such as the electron carriers NAD and FAD, and coenzyme A, which carries ...

  3. Biosynthesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosynthesis

    Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occurring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into simpler or more complex ...

  4. Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin-containing_mono...

    FMO3 is the primary enzyme in humans which catalyzes the N-oxidation of trimethylamine into trimethylamine N-oxide; [8] [10] FMO1 also does this, but to a much lesser extent than FMO3. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Genetic deficiencies of the FMO3 enzyme cause primary trimethylaminuria , also known as "fish odor syndrome".

  5. Chemical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction

    The reaction takes place in the active site, a small part of the enzyme which is usually found in a cleft or pocket lined by amino acid residues, and the rest of the enzyme is used mainly for stabilization. The catalytic action of enzymes relies on several mechanisms including the molecular shape ("induced fit"), bond strain, proximity and ...

  6. Antioxidant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antioxidant

    Catalases are enzymes that catalyse the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen, using either an iron or manganese cofactor. [114] [115] This protein is localized to peroxisomes in most eukaryotic cells. [116] Catalase is an unusual enzyme since, although hydrogen peroxide is its only substrate, it follows a ping-pong mechanism.

  7. Active site - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_site

    [6]: 69 Coenzyme is a broad concept which includes metal ions, various vitamins and ATP. If an enzyme needs coenzyme to work itself, it is called an apoenzyme. In fact, it alone cannot catalyze reactions properly. Only when its cofactor comes in and binds to the active site to form holoenzyme does it work properly.

  8. Pyridoxal phosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridoxal_phosphate

    Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B 6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has catalogued more than 140 PLP-dependent activities, corresponding to ~4% of all classified activities. [5]

  9. Template : Metabolism of vitamins, coenzymes, and cofactors

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Metabolism_of...

    {{Metabolism of vitamins, coenzymes, and cofactors | state = collapsed}} will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar. {{Metabolism of vitamins, coenzymes, and cofactors | state = expanded}} will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.