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Autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) was first defined by Dr. Brian McCabe in a landmark paper describing an autoimmune loss of hearing. [2] The disease results in progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) that acts bilaterally and asymmetrically, and sometimes affects an individual's vestibular system.
Currently, it is estimated that this inner ear disease affects approximately 73 of 100,000 people in the United States – about 600,000 people ... Symptoms of Ménière's disease.
[1] [3] A number of theories exist for why it occurs, including constrictions in blood vessels, viral infections, and autoimmune reactions. [3] About 10% of cases run in families. [4] Symptoms are believed to occur as the result of increased fluid buildup in the labyrinth of the inner ear. [3] Diagnosis is based on the symptoms and a hearing ...
Cochlear hydrops preferentially affects the apex of the cochlea where low-frequency sounds are interpreted. Due to the fluid imbalance in this area, parts of the cochlea are stretched or under more tension than usual, which can lead to distortions of sound, changes in pitch perception, or hearing loss, all usually in the low frequencies.
Since the inner ear is not directly accessible to instruments, identification is by patient report of the symptoms and audiometric testing. Of those who present to their doctor with sensorineural hearing loss, 90% report having diminished hearing, 57% report having a plugged feeling in ear, and 49% report having ringing in ear ().
Visual prognosis is generally good with prompt diagnosis and aggressive immunomodulatory treatment. [2] [3] [8] Inner ear symptoms usually respond to corticosteroid therapy within weeks to months; hearing usually recovers completely. [6] Chronic eye effects such as cataracts, glaucoma, and optic atrophy can occur. [6]
In the early stages of the disease, this can result in mild symptoms such as reduced appetite or feelings of fatigue, but as CKD progresses, "complications like high blood pressure, heart disease ...
It is currently thought that Cogan syndrome is an autoimmune disease. The inflammation in the eye and ear are due to the patient's own immune system producing antibodies that attack the inner ear and eye tissue. Autoantibodies can be demonstrated in the blood of some patients, and these antibodies have been shown to attack inner ear tissue in ...
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