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Chemical signaling between neurons is mediated by neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, hormones, neuromodulators, and many other types of signaling molecules. Many neurological diseases arise due to an imbalance in the brain's neurochemistry. For example, in Parkinson's Disease, there is an imbalance in the brain's level of dopamine.
The human brain is the central organ of the nervous system, and with the spinal cord, comprises the central nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. The brain controls most of the activities of the body, processing, integrating, and coordinating the information it receives from the sensory nervous system ...
The human brain is provided with information about light, sound, the chemical composition of the atmosphere, temperature, the position of the body in space (proprioception), the chemical composition of the bloodstream, and more.
Whether these ubiquitous pollutants can reach the human brain has been a primary concern for scientists. ... Most of what scientists understand about how the 4,000 chemicals used to make plastic, ...
An antagonist is a chemical that acts within the body to reduce the physiological activity of another chemical substance (such as an opiate); especially one that opposes the action on the nervous system of a drug or a substance occurring naturally in the body by combining with and blocking its nervous receptor. [73]
Orexins (-A and -B) are involved in a number of cognitive processes, including appetite, arousal, and reward, among many others.; Neurohypophysial hormones: . Arginine-vasopressin
Buoyancy: The actual mass of the human brain is about 1400–1500 grams, but its net weight suspended in CSF is equivalent to a mass of 25–50 g. [ 12 ] [ 1 ] The brain therefore exists in neutral buoyancy , which allows the brain to maintain its density without being impaired by its own weight, which would cut off blood supply and kill ...
The adult human brain is estimated to contain from 10 14 to 5 × 10 14 (100–500 trillion) synapses. [1] Every cubic millimeter of cerebral cortex contains roughly a billion (short scale, i.e. 10 9) of them. [2] The number of synapses in the human cerebral cortex has separately been estimated at 0.15 quadrillion (150 trillion) [3]