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He observed multiple species of bees in order to investigate the different levels of animal sociality, all of which are different stages that a colony may pass through. Eusociality, which is the highest level of animal sociality a species can attain, specifically had three characteristics that distinguished it from the other levels: [ 1 ]
While the vast majority of wasps play no role in pollination, a few species can effectively transport pollen and pollinate several plant species. [42] Since wasps generally do not have a fur-like covering of soft hairs and a special body part for pollen storage (pollen basket) as some bees do, pollen does not stick to them well. [43]
WASPs have dominated American society, culture, and politics for most of the history of the United States. Critics have disparaged them as "The Establishment". [5] [6] Although the social influence of wealthy WASPs has declined since the 1960s, [7] [8] [9] the group continues to play a central role in American finance, politics, and ...
They tend to be less conspicuous than the social (wasps) do,” Kimsey said, adding that they are “good to have around” to eat other bugs such as caterpillars. There are roughly 300 species of ...
Charles Darwin considered the evolution of eusociality a major problem for his theory of natural selection.In The Origin of Species, he described the existence of sterile worker castes in the social insects as "the one special difficulty, which at first appeared to me insuperable and actually fatal to my whole theory".
The European paper wasp (Polistes dominula) is one of the most common and well-known species of social wasps in the genus Polistes.Its diet is more diverse than those of most Polistes species—many genera of insects versus mainly caterpillars in other Polistes—giving it superior survivability compared to other wasp species during a shortage of resources.
Vespula rufa, commonly known as the red wasp, [3] is a social wasp species belonging to the genus Vespula.It is found in northern and central Europe and parts of Asia. [4] [5] Vespula rufa is characterised by red-brown markings and body segmentation, with the appearance varying amongst the different roles of individuals in the species. [6]
A. multipicta and other wasps play an important role in the decomposition process, making holes and abrasions in carrion that allow other species access to further eat away the dead. However, by preying on fly larvae present on carrion, they are depleting other populations that are contributing to decomposition.