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In 1870, when troops were mobilized for the Franco-Prussian War, large numbers of French soldiers either refused to wear the issued shakos or threw them away. Emperor Napoléon III abolished the infantry shako for active service and replaced it with the kepi on 30 July 1870. [3]
The kepi thus came to represent the Venizelos faction in the course of the National Schism against the Royalist government of Athens, and symbolised the alliance with the French-led Entente. When Constantine left in exile, the new government phased-in the kepi headgear for all the Army officers.
Kepi: A generic worldwide military hat with a flat, circular top and visor. First seen in central Europe. Kippah or Yarmulke: A close-fitting skullcap worn by religious Jews. Kofia: Brimless cylindrical cap with a flat crown, worn by men in East Africa. Kolah namadi: A felt hat, typically worn by men in the rural areas of Iran. Kolpik
The modern kepi is presented to new recruits in a solemn ceremony. It is worn by officers and non-commissioned officers when another headdress is not prescribed. The kepi is entirely dark blue – a very dark blue, often mistaken for black – with a red (privates and corporals) or gold (non-commissioned officers and officers) trimming.
A Kepi or Cap for the Infantry of the Line. On 1 August 1870 the 43rd Infantry Regiment was part of the Army of the Rhine. With the 5th Battalion of chasseurs under Commandant Carré and the 13th Infantry Regiment under Colonel Lion, the 43rd formed the 1st brigade under the orders of General Véron called Bellecourt.
Imperial Guard – Until 1939 the Cavalry of the Imperial Guard wore a French-style parade uniform consisting of a dark-blue tunic with red Brandenburg braiding, a red kepi and red breeches. The red kepi had a white plume with a red base. Off-duty members wore a dark blue tunic with 5 rows of black mohair froggings and dark blue breeches with a ...
[13] [14] The kepi was also hardened, to be more like the French version. [16] With the increased risk of a German invasion during World War I, the Security Force was established to ensure Danish neutrality. [17] This led to the 57,000 soldiers being deployed, creating extra demand on the production of the blue M/1910 uniforms. [17]
The Imperial Russian Army substituted a spiked helmet for the shako in 1844–45 but returned to the latter headdress in 1855, before adopting a form of kepi in 1864. [3] Following the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, military fashions changed and cloth or leather helmets based on the German headdress began to supersede the shako in many armies.