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Waldorf education, also known as Steiner education, is based on the educational philosophy of Rudolf Steiner, the founder of anthroposophy. Its educational style is holistic, intended to develop pupils' intellectual, artistic, and practical skills, with a focus on imagination and creativity. Individual teachers have a great deal of autonomy in ...
Rudolf Joseph Lorenz Steiner (27 or 25 February 1861 [1] – 30 March 1925) was an Austrian occultist, [10] social reformer, architect, esotericist, [11] [12] and claimed clairvoyant. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Steiner gained initial recognition at the end of the nineteenth century as a literary critic and published works including The Philosophy of Freedom ...
The curriculum includes lesson blocks on farming (age 9 or 10), animals (age 10 or 11), plants (age 11 or 12), as well as geology, human biology and astronomy (age 12 or 13). [ 7 ] At secondary school, Waldorf schools study the historical origins, cultural background, and philosophical roots and consequences of scientific discoveries.
Steiner's theory of child development divides education into three discrete developmental stages predating but with close similarities to the stages of development described by Piaget. Early childhood education occurs through imitation; teachers provide practical activities and a healthy environment.
The Rudolf Steiner approach to education: A qualitative study with particular reference to the pre-primary and primary phase of a Waldorf school in KwaZulu-Natal. Pietermaritzburg: University of Natal. Available P - Cecil Renaud (Main) Library (Pietermaritzburg Campus) 370.1 KNO V.1 1 Book On Shelf. 370.1 KNO V.2 1 Book On Shelf.
Inspired by Theosophy, Rudolf Steiner (b.1861) had developed a stage theory based on seven-year life phases. Three childhood phases (conception to 21 years) are followed by three stages of development of the ego (21–42 years), concluding with three stages of spiritual development (42-63). The theory is applied in Waldorf education [15]
Steiner had wanted to write a philosophy of freedom since at least 1880. [12] The appearance of The Philosophy of Freedom in 1894 [13] was preceded by his publications on Goethe, focusing on epistemology and the philosophy of science, particularly Goethe the Scientist (1883) [14] and The Theory of Knowledge Implicit in Goethe's World Conception (1886). [15]
Anthroposophy is a spiritual [1]: i new religious movement [2] which was founded in the early 20th century by the esotericist Rudolf Steiner [3] that postulates the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world, accessible to human experience.