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The word Fenian (/ ˈ f iː n i ə n /) served as an umbrella term for the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) and their affiliate in the United States, the Fenian Brotherhood.They were secret political organisations in the late 19th and early 20th centuries dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic.
The Fenians in Context: Irish Politics and Society, 1848–82 (Wolfhound Press, 1985) D'Arcy, William. The Fenian Movement in the United States, 1858–86 (Catholic University of America Press, 1947) Jenkins, Brian. Fenians and Anglo-American Relations during Reconstruction (Cornell University Press, 1969).
In Canada, the incursions divided its burgeoning Irish-Canadian population, many of whom were torn between loyalty to their new home and sympathy for the aims of the Fenians. Protestant Irish immigrants were generally loyal to the British and fought with the pro-Union Orange Order against the Fenians.
The same term was taken up by members of the Irish Catholic hierarchy, who also began denouncing "Fenianism" in the name of the Catholic religion. [41] One Irish Bishop, David Moriarty of Kerry , declared that "when we look down into the fathomless depth of this infamy of the heads of the Fenian conspiracy, we must acknowledge that eternity is ...
St. Thomas High School, a Catholic high school in Houston. Catholic schools in the United States constitute the largest number of non-public, Christian schools in the country. They are accredited by independent and/or state agencies, and teachers are generally certified.
John O'Leary (23 July 1830 – 16 March 1907 [1]) was an Irish separatist and a leading Fenian.He studied both law and medicine but did not take a degree and for his involvement in the Irish Republican Brotherhood, he was imprisoned for five years in England during the nineteenth century.
Integrated Education is a Northern Ireland phenomenon, where traditionally schools were sectarian, [3] either run as Catholic schools or Protestant schools. On as parental request, a school could apply to 'transition' to become Grant Maintained offering 30% of the school places to students from the minority community.
On as parental request, a school could apply to 'transition' to become Grant Maintained offering 30% of the school places to students from the minority community. Lagan College was the first integrated school to open in 1981. As of 2024, students at Brownlow Integrated College were 23% Protestant, 43% Roman Catholic and 34% other.