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Niels Henrik David Bohr (Danish: [ˈne̝ls ˈpoɐ̯ˀ]; 7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish theoretical physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922.
The Bohr model of the atom. Rutherford deduced the existence of the atomic nucleus through his experiments but he had nothing to say about how the electrons were arranged around it. In 1912, Niels Bohr joined Rutherford's lab and began his work on a quantum model of the atom. [38]: 19
In atomic physics, the Bohr model or Rutherford–Bohr model was the first successful model of the atom. Developed from 1911 to 1918 by Niels Bohr and building on Ernest Rutherford 's nuclear model , it supplanted the plum pudding model of J J Thomson only to be replaced by the quantum atomic model in the 1920s.
Niels Bohr's 1913 quantum model of the hydrogen atom. In 1913 Niels Bohr proposed a new model of the atom that included quantized electron orbits: electrons still orbit the nucleus much as planets orbit around the Sun, but they are permitted to inhabit only certain orbits, not to orbit at any arbitrary distance. [18]
1911 – Ernest Rutherford: Discovery of the atomic nucleus (Rutherford model) 1911 – Kamerlingh Onnes: Superconductivity; 1912 - Victor Francis Hess: Cosmic rays; 1913 – Niels Bohr: Bohr model of the atom; 1915 – Albert Einstein: General relativity; 1915 – Emmy Noether: Noether's theorem relates symmetries to conservation laws.
John William Nicholson is noted as the first to create an atomic model that quantized angular momentum as h/2π. [11] [12] Niels Bohr quoted him in his 1913 paper of the Bohr model of the atom. [13] 1912 – Victor Hess discovers the existence of cosmic radiation.
1913: Henry Moseley: defined atomic number; 1913: Niels Bohr: Model of the atom; 1915: Albert Einstein: theory of general relativity – also David Hilbert; 1915: Karl Schwarzschild: discovery of the Schwarzschild radius leading to the identification of black holes; 1918: Emmy Noether: Noether's theorem – conditions under which the ...
1935 Niels Bohr presents his analysis of the EPR paradox; 1936 Carl D. Anderson discovered the muon while he studied cosmic radiation; 1936 Alexandru Proca formulates the relativistic quantum field equations for a massive vector meson of spin-1 as a basis for nuclear forces; 1936 Eugene Wigner develops the theory of neutron absorption by atomic ...