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Roll-off is also significant on audio loudspeaker crossover filters: here the need is not so much for a high roll-off but that the roll-offs of the high frequency and low-frequency sections are symmetrical and complementary. An interesting need for high roll-off arises in EEG machines. Here the filters mostly make do with a basic 20 dB/decade ...
Far from the cutoff frequency in the transition band, the rate of increase of attenuation with logarithm of frequency is asymptotic to a constant. For a first-order network, the roll-off is −20 dB per decade (approximately −6 dB per octave.)
Cutoff frequency is the frequency beyond which the filter will not pass signals. It is usually measured at a specific attenuation such as 3 dB. Roll-off is the rate at which attenuation increases beyond the cut-off frequency. Transition band, the (usually narrow) band of frequencies between a passband and stopband.
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Quick roll-off around the cutoff frequency, which improves with increasing order; Considerable overshoot and ringing in step response, which worsens with increasing order; Slightly non-linear phase response; Group delay largely frequency-dependent; Here is an image showing the gain of a discrete-time Butterworth filter next to other common ...
The filter does not attenuate all frequencies outside the desired frequency range completely; in particular, there is a region just outside the intended passband where frequencies are attenuated, but not rejected. This is known as the filter roll-off, and it is usually expressed in dB of attenuation per octave or decade of frequency. Generally ...
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High-frequency roll-off that is not fully compensated in the replay channel may be offset by pre-emphasis during recording. [29] Lower replay time constants decrease the apparent level of hiss (by 4 dB when stepping down from 120 to 70 μs ), but also decrease apparent high-frequency saturation level, so the choice of time constants was a ...