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It is important to distinguish between referent power and other bases of social power involving control or conformity. [1] According to Fuqua, Payne, and Cangemi, referent power acts a little like role model power. It depends on respecting, liking, and holding another individual in high esteem. It usually develops over a long period of time. [14]
Referent power is a form of reverence gained by a leader who has strong interpersonal relationship skills. Referent power, as an aspect of personal power , becomes particularly important as organizational leadership becomes increasingly about collaboration and influence and less about command and control .
Source credibility is "a term commonly used to imply a communicator's positive characteristics that affect the receiver's acceptance of a message." [1] Academic studies of this topic began in the 20th century and were given a special emphasis during World War II, when the US government sought to use propaganda to influence public opinion in support of the war effort.
The Reggio Emilia approach is an educational philosophy and pedagogy focused on preschool and primary education.This approach is a student-centered and constructivist self-guided curriculum that uses self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. [1]
Education sciences, [1] also known as education studies or education theory, and traditionally called pedagogy, [2] seek to describe, understand, and prescribe education including education policy. Subfields include comparative education , educational research , instructional theory , curriculum theory and psychology , philosophy , sociology ...
It can be used, for example, to analyze employee behavior to identify and resolve human resource problems. [4] A similar application uses the SMCR model to analyze humorous messages at the workplace. [62] Bette Ann Stead applies Berlo's model to content theories of motivation, like the ones by Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg.
An instructional theory is "a theory that offers explicit guidance on how to better help people learn and develop." [ 1 ] It provides insights about what is likely to happen and why with respect to different kinds of teaching and learning activities while helping indicate approaches for their evaluation. [ 2 ]
outcome power – the ability of an actor to bring about or help bring about outcomes; social power – the ability of an actor to change the incentive structures of other actors in order to bring about outcomes. This framework can be used to model a wide range of social interactions where actors have the ability to exert power over others.