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Sino–African relations, also referred to as Africa–China relations or Afro–Chinese relations, are the historical, political, economic, military, social, and cultural connections between China and the African continent. Little is known about ancient relations between China and Africa, though there is some evidence of early trade connections.
[90] [91] [92] This led the Persian prophet Mani to consider Aksum as one of the four great powers of the 3rd century alongside Persia, Rome, and China. [93] In the 4th century AD Aksum's king converted to Christianity and Aksum's population, who had followed syncretic mixes of local beliefs, slowly followed.
This is a list of political entities in the 4th century (301–400) AD ... 8th century AD: Africa: Northeast Kush: ... Asia: East, China Chouchi: Lüeyang:
Dewawarman VII, King (early 4th century) Dewawarman VIII, King (early 4th century–362) Tarumanagara (complete list) – Jayasingawarman, King (358–382) Dharmayawarman, King (382–395) Purnawarman, King (395–434) Indonesia: Kalimantan (Borneo) Kutai Martadipura – Kudungga, King (mid 4th century) Asvavarman, King (late 4th century)
China remained Africa's largest trading partner during 2011 for the fourth consecutive year (starting in 2008). To put the entire trade between China and Africa into perspective, during the early 1960s trade between these two large parts of the world were in the mere hundreds of millions of dollars back then.
During the late 4th and early 5th centuries, Chinese pilgrims like Faxian, Zhiyan, and Tanwujie began to travel to India by sea, bringing Buddhist scriptures and sutras back to China. [12] By the 7th century, as many as 31 recorded Chinese monks, including I Ching, managed to reach India the same way.
The Rouran (柔然), Ruanruan (蠕蠕), or Ruru (茹茹) were a confederation of Mongolic-speaking [48] nomadic tribes in northern China from the late 4th century until the late 6th century. They controlled an area corresponding to modern-day northern China, Mongolia, and southern Siberia.
Trade links increased and expanded from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean, with Egypt, Israel, Phoenicia, Greece, and Rome, to the Black Sea, and to Persia, India, and China. Aksum was known throughout those lands. By the 5th century BC, the region was very prosperous, exporting ivory, hippopotamus hides, gold dust, spices, and live elephants.