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The Indemnity Act 61 of 1961 was a law enacted by the apartheid government in South Africa, which protected the government from any legal repercussions of the Sharpeville massacre and other violent events that followed. It prevented the courts from hearing any criminal charges or civil claims against the government, its leaders or its employees ...
The Indemnity Act no. 13 of 1977 (Commencement 16 March) of South Africa was enacted following the suppression of the violence by the South African Police and apartheid supporters during the Soweto uprising on 16 June 1976. [1] This uprising was by the black youths of Soweto protesting against the forced Afrikaans medium decree in schools.
The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1993, came into force on 27 April 1994 with the election of the first non-racial Parliament on that date. 4: South African Passports and Travel Documents Act, 1994: 5: Independent Electoral Commission Amendment Act, 1994: 6: Payment of Members of Parliament Act, 1994: 7
South African law, however, long appeared to favour the view that only material facts within one's actual or personal knowledge were included in the duty of disclosure. In M&F v Oudtshoorn , however, the court stated in passing that constructive knowledge—that is to say, knowledge which is imputed or presumed—is also included in the duty of ...
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The Interpretation Act [4] defines it as "any law, proclamation, ordinance, Act of Parliament or other enactment having the force of law." [5] The Constitution of South Africa, which has the force of supreme law, [5] and as such sets the standards and requirements for the construction and construal of statutes, also provides a definition of ...
Countries (in pink) which share the mixed South African legal system. South Africa has a 'hybrid' or 'mixed' legal system, [1] formed by the interweaving of a number of distinct legal traditions: a civil law system inherited from the Dutch, a common law system inherited from the British, and a customary law system inherited from indigenous Africans (often termed African Customary Law, of which ...
In legal terms, an Act of Indemnity is a statute passed to protect people who have committed some illegal act which would otherwise cause them to be subjected to legal penalties. International treaties may contain articles that bind states to abide by similar terms which may involve the parties to the treaty passing domestic legislation to ...