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In mathematics, a coefficient is a multiplicative factor in some term of a polynomial, a series, or any expression. For example, in the polynomial 7 x 2 − 3 x y + 1.5 + y , {\displaystyle 7x^{2}-3xy+1.5+y,} with variables x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} , the first two terms have the coefficients 7 and −3.
In mathematics and computer algebra, automatic differentiation (AD), also called algorithmic differentiation or computational differentiation, [6] [7] is a set of techniques to numerically evaluate the derivative of a function specified by a computer program. AD exploits the fact that every computer program, no matter how complicated, executes ...
In applied fields the word "tight" is often used with the same meaning. [2] smooth Smoothness is a concept which mathematics has endowed with many meanings, from simple differentiability to infinite differentiability to analyticity, and still others which are more complicated. Each such usage attempts to invoke the physically intuitive notion ...
Domain-specific terms must be recategorized into the corresponding mathematical domain. If the domain is unclear, but reasonably believed to exist, it is better to put the page into the root category:mathematics, where it will have a better chance of spotting and classification. See also: Glossary of mathematics
This definition is equivalent to the topological one, as applied to graphs, but it is easier to deal with in the context of graph theory. Graph theory also offers a context-free measure of connectedness, called the clustering coefficient. Other fields of mathematics are concerned with objects that are rarely considered as topological spaces.
In mathematics, a local system (or a system of local coefficients) on a topological space X is a tool from algebraic topology which interpolates between cohomology with coefficients in a fixed abelian group A, and general sheaf cohomology in which coefficients vary from point to point. Local coefficient systems were introduced by Norman ...
The coefficient of determination, denoted R 2 and pronounced R squared, is the proportion of total variation of outcomes explained by a statistical model. The coefficient of variation ( CV ) is a normalized measure of dispersion of a probability distribution or frequency distribution .
Layers of Pascal's pyramid derived from coefficients in an upside-down ternary plot of the terms in the expansions of the powers of a trinomial – the number of terms is clearly a triangular number. In mathematics, a trinomial expansion is the expansion of a power of a sum of three terms into monomials. The expansion is given by