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In 453 Kashgar sent envoys to present tribute (Weishu, ch. 5), and again in 455. An embassy sent during the reign of Wencheng Di (452–466) from the king of Kashgar presented a supposed sacred relic of the Buddha; a dress which was incombustible. In 507 Kashgar, is said to have sent envoys in both the 9th and 10th months (Weishu, ch. 8).
The name comes from the Iranian languages Persian and Sogdian samar "stone, rock" and kand "fort, town." [12] In this respect, Samarkand shares the same meaning as the name of the Uzbek capital Tashkent, with tash-being the Turkic term for "stone" and -kent the Turkic analogue of kand borrowed from Iranian languages.
Kashgar was declared a Special Economic Zone in 2010; it is the only city in western China with this designation. Kashgar also forms a terminus of the Karakoram Highway, the reconstruction of which is considered a major part of the multibillion-dollar China–Pakistan Economic Corridor.
From 1212, the Kara-Khanids in Samarkand were conquered by the Kwarazmians. Soon however, Khwarezmia was invaded by the early Mongol Empire and its ruler Genghis Khan destroyed the once vibrant cities of Bukhara and Samarkand. [82] However, in 1370, Samarkand saw a revival as the capital of the Timurid Empire.
Kashgar came under the dominion of the Kara-Khanid Khanate. The earliest approximate date of around the late 8th or early 9th century is disputed, but it was likely before 980. [57] Khotan regained its independence in 851. [58] By 1006 it was also conquered by the Kara-Khanid Khanate. [59]
260 CE - Sassanians in power (approximate date). 712 - City taken by forces of Umayyad Caliphate under Qutayba ibn Muslim. [2] 751 - Papermaking begins. [3] 806 - Led by Rafi ibn al-Layth, Samarkand revolted against Ali ibn Isa ibn Mahan, Governor of Khurasan due to his oppressive taxation. [4] 819 - Samanid rule of Samarkand begins.
Links, dates and location of every gun death since Newtown. 2/13 Oscar Predictions. Predictions and aggregated stats for the 2013 Academy Awards. 1/13 Vote-Rigging Maps.
The siege of Samarkand (1220) took place in 1220 A.D. after Genghis Khan, founder of the Mongol Empire, had launched a multi-pronged invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire, ruled by Shah Muhammad II. The Mongols had laid siege to the border town of Otrar , but finding its defences obdurate, a large force commanded by Genghis and his youngest son ...