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Sociological jurisprudence studies the nature and functions of law in the light of social scientific knowledge. It emphasises variation of legal phenomena between different cultures and societies. It relies especially on empirically-oriented social theory, but draws theoretical resources from diverse disciplines.
Natural law [1] (Latin: ius naturale, lex naturalis) is a philosophical and legal theory that posits the existence of a set of inherent laws derived from nature and universal moral principles, which are discoverable through reason.
In jurisprudence and legal philosophy, legal positivism is the theory that the existence of the law and its content depend on social facts, such as acts of legislation, judicial decisions, and customs, rather than on morality.
In the philosophy of law, virtue jurisprudence is the set of theories of law related to virtue ethics.By making the aretaic turn in legal theory, virtue jurisprudence focuses on the importance of character and human excellence or virtue to questions about the nature of law, the content of the law, and judging.
Next we have Human Law; particular applications of law resulting by reason. “Human law originally sprang from nature.” The last is Divine law which is important because “it belongs to any law to be directed to the common good at its end.” These laws all go together and the relationship must be presented to comprehend them individually.
The sociology of law examines the interaction of law with society and overlaps with jurisprudence, philosophy of law, social theory and more specialised subjects such as criminology. [ 214 ] [ 215 ] It is a transdisciplinary and multidisciplinary study focused on the theorisation and empirical study of legal practices and experiences as social ...
The central question of jurisprudence is, "What is the nature of the law?" Two major schools of legal theory that address this question are natural law theory and legal positivism. The main point of contention between the two is the relation between law and morality, with the positivists advocating a weak or non-existent connection. [2]
New Natural Law (NNL) theory or New Classical Natural Law theory is an approach to natural law ethics and jurisprudence based on a reinterpretation of the writings of Thomas Aquinas. [1] The approach began in the 1960s with the work of Germain Grisez and has since been developed by John Finnis , Joseph Boyle and others.