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  2. Lipid signaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_signaling

    Common lipid signaling molecules: lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) platelet activating factor (PAF) anandamide or arachidonoyl ethanolamine (AEA). Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological cell signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these ...

  3. Cholesterol signaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol_signaling

    Cholesterol signaling through lipid rafts can be attenuated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate signaling (PIP2). PIP2 contains mostly polyunsaturated lipids that partition away from saturated lipids. Proteins that bind both lipid rafts and PIP2 are negatively regulated by high levels of PIP2. This effect was observed with phospholipase D.

  4. Phosphatidic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidic_acid

    Phosphatidic acids are anionic phospholipids important to cell signaling and direct activation of lipid-gated ion channels.Hydrolysis of phosphatidic acid gives rise to one molecule each of glycerol and phosphoric acid and two molecules of fatty acids.

  5. Lipid raft - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_raft

    Lipid raft organization, region (1) is a standard lipid bilayer, while region (2) is a lipid raft. The plasma membranes of cells contain combinations of glycosphingolipids, cholesterol and protein receptors organised in glycolipoprotein lipid microdomains termed lipid rafts. [1] [2] [3] Their existence in cellular membranes remains controversial.

  6. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylinositol_4,5-b...

    Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate or PtdIns(4,5)P 2, also known simply as PIP 2 or PI(4,5)P 2, is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes. PtdIns(4,5)P 2 is enriched at the plasma membrane where it is a substrate for a number of important signaling proteins. [1]

  7. Phospholipase C - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phospholipase_C

    Thus PLC has a profound impact on the depletion of PIP 2, which acts as a membrane anchor or allosteric regulator and an agonist for many lipid-gated ion channels. [21] [22] PIP 2 also acts as the substrate for synthesis of the rarer lipid phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP 3), which is responsible for signaling in multiple reactions ...

  8. Phosphatidylinositol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylinositol

    Phosphatidylinositol (PI), also known as inositol phospholipid, is a lipid composed of a phosphate group, two fatty acid chains, and one inositol molecule. It belongs to the class of phosphatidylglycerides and is typically found as a minor component on the cytosolic side of eukaryotic cell membranes.

  9. Membrane lipid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_lipid

    Membrane lipids are a group of compounds (structurally similar to fats and oils) which form the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The three major classes of membrane lipids are phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol. Lipids are amphiphilic: they have one end that is soluble in water ('polar') and an ending that is soluble in fat ...