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Beta blockers with greater blood–brain barrier permeability can have both neuropsychiatric therapeutic benefits and side effects, as well as adverse cognitive effects. [76] Central nervous system-related side effects and risks of beta blockers may include fatigue , depression , sleep disorders (namely insomnia ) and nightmares , visual ...
Common side effects include nausea, abdominal pain, and constipation. [2] It may worsen the symptoms of asthma. [2] Propranolol may cause harmful effects for the baby if taken during pregnancy; [7] however, its use during breastfeeding is generally considered to be safe. [8] It is a non-selective beta blocker which works by blocking β ...
Bisoprolol, sold under the brand name Zebeta among others, is a beta blocker which is selective for the beta-1 receptor [7] and used for cardiovascular diseases, [7] including tachyarrhythmias, high blood pressure, angina, and heart failure.
Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of adrenaline, aka slowing your heart rate and reducing those physical signs and symptoms of nervousness and anxiety, he explained.
Atenolol is classified as a beta blocker with low lipophilicity and hence lower potential for crossing the blood–brain barrier and entering the brain. [44] This in turn may result in fewer effects in the central nervous system as well as a lower risk of neuropsychiatric side effects. [44] Only small amounts of atenolol are said to enter the ...
Common side effects include dizziness, feeling tired, nausea, and headaches. [6] Serious side effects may include heart failure and bronchospasm. [6] Its use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended. [5] [7] It works by blocking β1-adrenergic receptors in the heart and dilating blood vessels. [6] [8]
However, the serotonin receptor antagonism has side effects such as weight gain and impaired movement. [11] Hence, alpha-2 blockers are not used clinically due to its extensive binding. Similar to the alpha-1 blocker, the alpha-2 family will also present the first-dose effect, but it is generally less pronounced compared with the alpha-1 ...
Serious side effects may include heart failure and bronchospasm. [2] Its use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is of unclear safety. [5] It is a non-selective beta blocker and works by blocking β1-adrenergic receptors in the heart and β2-adrenergic receptors in blood vessels. [2] Nadolol was patented in 1970 and came into medical use in 1978. [6]