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Until 308 BC Carthage was ruled, at least officially, by monarchs, in the sense of the word that executive power was held by one person. [1] It also seems for the time period below to have been passed down in the clan of the Magonids. The title itself was most likely Suffete. [2]: 115–116 Hannonids. Hanno I c. 580 – c. 556 BC
In the mid 520s BC, Hasdrubal, along with his brother Hamilcar I, launched an expedition against Sardinia. [2]Hasdrubal was elected as "King" eleven times, was granted a triumph four times (the only Carthaginian to receive this honour – there is no record of anyone else being honoured to that extent by Carthage) and died of his battle wounds received in Sardinia. [3]
[74] [75] The death of King Hamilcar and the disastrous conduct of the war also prompted political reforms that established an oligarchic republic. [76] Carthage would henceforth constrain its rulers through assemblies of both nobles and the common people.
The name Carthage (/ ˈ k ɑːr θ ɪ dʒ / KAR-thij) is the Early Modern anglicisation of Middle French Carthage /kartaʒə/, [12] from Latin Carthāgō and Karthāgō (cf. Greek Karkhēdōn (Καρχηδών) and Etruscan *Carθaza) from the Punic qrt-ḥdšt (𐤒𐤓𐤕 𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 ) "new city", [b] implying it was a "new Tyre". [14]
Carthage had similar treaties with Etruscan, Punic and Greek cities in Sicily. By the end of the 6th Century BC, Carthage had conquered most of the old Phoenician colonies e.g. Hadrumetum, Utica and Kerkouane, subjugated some of the Libyan tribes, and had taken control of parts of the North African coast from modern Morocco to the borders of ...
Aeneas tells Dido of the fall of Troy. (Guérin 1815)Carthage was founded by Phoenicians coming from the Levant.The city's name in Phoenician language means "New City". [5] There is a tradition in some ancient sources, such as Philistos of Syracuse, for an "early" foundation date of around 1215 BC – that is before the fall of Troy in 1180 BC; however, Timaeus of Taormina, a Greek historian ...
Hasdrubal I of Carthage — Magonid king of Ancient Carthage 530–510 BC; Hasdrubal the Fair (c. 270 BC – 221 BC), son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca; Hasdrubal Barca (245–207 BC), son of Hamilcar Barca and brother of Hannibal and Mago; Hasdrubal Gisco Gisgonis (died 202 BC), another commander in the Second Punic War, father of Sophonisba
Finally, Carthage and Syracuse agreed a peace. In 480 BCE, following Hamilcar I's death, the King lost most of his power to an aristocratic Council of Elders. In 308 BCE, Bomilcar attempted a coup d'etat to restore the monarch to full power, but failed, which led to Carthage becoming in name as well as in fact a republic. [5] [6]