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Peninsular Malaysia, [a] historically known as Malaya, [b] also known as West Malaysia or the "Malaysian Peninsula", [c] is the western part of Malaysia that comprises the southern part of the Malay Peninsula on Mainland Southeast Asia and the nearby islands. [1]
The Malay Peninsula [a] is located in Mainland Southeast Asia. The landmass runs approximately north–south, and at its terminus, it is the southernmost point of the Asian continental mainland. The area contains Peninsular Malaysia, Southern Thailand, and the southernmost tip of Myanmar .
The Strait of Malacca, lying between Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia, is arguably the most important shipping lane in the world. [31] These seas are marginal seas of the Indian Ocean. [citation needed] Off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia is the South China Sea, [3] while a small part in the north lies within the Gulf of Thailand.
The name Malaysia is a combination of the word Malays and the Latin-Greek suffix -ia/-ία [20] which can be translated as 'land of the Malays'. [21] Similar-sounding variants have also appeared in accounts older than the 11th century, as toponyms for areas in Sumatra or referring to a larger region around the Strait of Malacca. [22]
Eleven states and two federal territories are located on the Malay Peninsula, collectively called Peninsular Malaysia (Semenanjung Malaysia) or West Malaysia.Two states are on the island of Borneo, and the remaining federal territory consists of islands offshore of Borneo; they are collectively referred to as East Malaysia or Malaysian Borneo.
Malaysia's border with Thailand is located to the north of Peninsula Malaysia and runs between the Straits of Malacca on the west and the Gulf of Thailand/South China Sea in the east. The Malaysian states of Kedah , Kelantan , Perak and Perlis border the Thai provinces of Narathiwat , Satun , Songkhla and Yala .
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The capital of Malaysia is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. The population stands at over 32 million. [1] The country is separated into two regions—Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo—by the South China Sea. [1] Malaysia borders Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, the Philippines, [1] and Vietnam.