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A systems development life cycle is composed of distinct work phases that are used by systems engineers and systems developers to deliver information systems.Like anything that is manufactured on an assembly line, an SDLC aims to produce high-quality systems that meet or exceed expectations, based on requirements, by delivering systems within scheduled time frames and cost estimates. [3]
The RMF was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and provides a structured process that integrates information security, privacy, and risk management activities into the system development life cycle. [1] [2] The RMF is an important aspect of a systems attainment of its Authority to Operate (ATO).
NIST Special Publication 800-37 Rev. 1 was published in February 2010 under the title "Guide for Applying the Risk Management Framework to Federal Information Systems: A Security Life Cycle Approach". This version described six steps in the RMF lifecycle. Rev. 1 was withdrawn on December 20, 2019 and superseded by SP 800-37 Rev. 2. [1]
The Certified Information Systems Auditor Review Manual 2006 by ISACA provides this definition of risk management: "Risk management is the process of identifying vulnerabilities and threats to the information resources used by an organization in achieving business objectives, and deciding what countermeasures, if any, to take in reducing risk to an acceptable level, based on the value of the ...
Exceptions to the typical life cycle occur with non-recurring issues outside routine operations. For example, when a legal hold, litigation hold, or legal freeze is required, a records manager places a legal hold within the records management system, preventing the affected files from being scheduled for disposition.
The enterprise life cycle is a key concept in enterprise architecture (EA), enterprise engineering [2] and systems engineering. [3] The Enterprise Architecture process is closely related to similar processes, as program management cycle or systems development life cycle, and has similar properties to those found in the product life cycle. [4]
An information system is a form of communication system in which data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be considered a semi-formal language which supports human decision making and action. Information systems are the primary focus of study for organizational informatics. [22]
Information science focuses on understanding problems from the perspective of the stakeholders involved and then applying information and other technologies as needed. In other words, it tackles systemic problems first rather than individual pieces of technology within that system.