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Cochliobolus miyabeanus is an important plant pathogen because it causes a common and widespread rice disease that causes high level of crop yield losses. It was a major cause of the Bengal famine of 1943, where the crop yield was dropped by 40% to 90% and the death of 2 million people was recorded. [3]
Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) is a fungal disease of maize caused by the plant pathogen Bipolaris maydis (also known as Cochliobolus heterostrophus in its teleomorph state). The fungus is an Ascomycete and can use conidia or ascospores to infect. [ 1 ]
The fungal genus Cochliobolus includes 19 species, [1] it includes some plant pathogenic species such as Cochliobolus heterostrophus.A lot of former Cochliobolus species were transferred to either Curvularia or Bipolaris genera.
Oryza is a genus of plants in the grass family. [3] [4] It includes the major food crop rice (species Oryza sativa and Oryza glaberrima).Members of the genus grow as tall, wetland grasses, growing to 1–2 metres (3–7 ft) tall; the genus includes both annual and perennial species.
The fungus Cochliobolus sativus is the teleomorph (sexual stage) of Bipolaris sorokiniana (anamorph) which is the causal agent of a wide variety of cereal diseases. The pathogen can infect and cause disease on roots (where it is known as common root rot ), leaf and stem, and head tissue.
Cochliobolus heterostrophus is a fungal plant pathogen.It can cause southern corn leaf blight in maize.. Cochliobolus heterostrophus is found in many tropical regions and in the southern part of the US.
Curvularia can be distinguished from the species Bipolaris and Drechslera by the way (angle) walls (septae) divide the inner structure of their spores. The name of the teleomorphic state of the type species Curvularia lunata is Cochliobolus lunatus (Fam. Pleosporaceae, Ord. Pleosporales, Cla. Loculoascomycetes, Phy. Ascomycota).