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The chain-ladder or development [1] method is a prominent [2] [3] ... (LDFs) or link ratios, represent the ratio of loss amounts from one valuation date to another ...
Generally considered a blend of the chain-ladder and expected claims loss reserving methods, [2] [8] [10] the Bornhuetter–Ferguson method uses both reported or paid losses as well as an a priori expected loss ratio to arrive at an ultimate loss estimate.
Loss development factors are used in all triangular methods of loss reserving, [7] such as the chain-ladder method. See also. Incurred but not reported. References
A long put ladder is also called a bear put ladder. [8] A short put ladder is also called a bull put ladder. [9] A ladder can be seen as a modification of a bull spread or a bear spread with an additional option: for instance, a bear call ladder is equivalent to a bear call spread with an additional long call. A bull put ladder is equivalent to ...
The distance between the base of the ladder and the wall, x, and the height of the ladder on the wall, y, represent the sides of a right triangle with the ladder as the hypotenuse, h. The objective is to find dy / dt , the rate of change of y with respect to time, t , when h , x and dx / dt , the rate of change of x , are known.
The loss random variable is the starting point in the determination of any type of actuarial reserve calculation. Define () to be the future state lifetime random variable of a person aged x.
A look at on-chain indicators, more specifically the Stablecoin Supply Ratio (SSR) and Tether (USDT) supply on exchanges.
A (a,b,0) class of distributions; Actuarial control cycle; Actuarial credentialing and exams; Actuarial notation; Actuarial present value; Actuarial reserves