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The Gibbs free energy for converting a mole of CO 2 to glucose is 114 kcal, whereas eight moles of photons of wavelength 600 nm contains 381 kcal, giving a nominal efficiency of 30%. [2] However, photosynthesis can occur with light up to wavelength 720 nm so long as there is also light at wavelengths below 680 nm to keep Photosystem II ...
Photosynthesis changes sunlight into chemical energy, splits water to liberate O 2, and fixes CO 2 into sugar. Most photosynthetic organisms are photoautotrophs, which means that they are able to synthesize food directly from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light.
The two main processes that contribute to ecosystem respiration are photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Photosynthesis uses carbon-dioxide and water, in the presence of sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen whereas cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce carbon-dioxide, water, and energy.
Photoautotrophs are organisms that can utilize light energy from sunlight and elements (such as carbon) from inorganic compounds to produce organic materials needed to sustain their own metabolism (i.e. autotrophy). Such biological activities are known as photosynthesis, and examples of such organisms include plants, algae and cyanobacteria.
The oxygen is then released, and the glucose stored as an energy reserve. [25] Photosynthetic plants, algae and certain bacteria often represent the lowest point of the food chains, [ 26 ] [ 27 ] making photosynthesis the primary source of energy and food for nearly all life on earth.
This bacterium can use water as a source of electrons in order to perform CO 2 reduction reactions. A photolithoautotroph is an autotrophic organism that uses light energy, and an inorganic electron donor (e.g., H 2 O, H 2, H 2 S), and CO 2 as its carbon source.
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula C 6 H 12 O 6.It is overall the most abundant monosaccharide, [4] a subcategory of carbohydrates.It is mainly made by plants and most algae during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide, using energy from sunlight.
The Gibbs free energy is the energy available ("free") to do work. Any reaction that decreases the overall Gibbs free energy of a system will proceed spontaneously (given that the system is isobaric and also at constant temperature), although the reaction may proceed slowly if it is kinetically inhibited.