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Functional medicine (FM) is a form of alternative medicine that encompasses a number of unproven and disproven methods and treatments. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It has been described as pseudoscience, [ 4 ] quackery , [ 5 ] and at its essence a rebranding of complementary and alternative medicine. [ 5 ]
Clinical nutrition centers on the prevention, diagnosis, and management of nutritional changes in patients linked to chronic diseases and conditions primarily in health care. Clinical in this sense refers to the management of patients, including not only outpatients at clinics and in private practice, but also inpatients in hospitals.
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Orthomolecular medicine [1] [2] is a form of alternative medicine that claims to maintain human health through nutritional supplementation. It is rejected by evidence-based medicine. The concept builds on the idea of an optimal nutritional environment in the body and suggests that diseases reflect deficiencies in this environment.
Intralipid (Fresenius-Kabi), the US standard lipid emulsion for TPN nutrition, contains a 7:1 ratio of n-6/n-3 ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). By contrast, Omegaven has a 1:8 ratio and showed promise in multiple clinical studies. Therefore, n-3-rich fat may alter the course of parenteral nutrition associated liver disease (PNALD).
Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. [11] [12] Specifically, it is a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients which adversely affects the body's tissues and form.
Nutritional metabolic; Elimination-excretion patterns and problems need to be evaluated (constipation, incontinence, diarrhea) Activity exercise-whether one is able to do daily activities normally without any problem, self care activities; Sleep rest-do they have hypersomnia, insomnia, do they have normal sleeping patterns
A functional food is a food claimed to have an additional function (often one related to health promotion or disease prevention) by adding new ingredients or more of existing ingredients. [1] The term may also apply to traits purposely bred into existing edible plants, such as purple or gold potatoes having increased anthocyanin or carotenoid ...