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Jean Baptiste André Dumas (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ batist ɑ̃dʁe dyma]; 14 July 1800 – 10 April 1884) was a French chemist, best known for his works on organic analysis and synthesis, as well as the determination of atomic weights (relative atomic masses) and molecular weights by measuring vapor densities.
Jean-Baptiste Dumas used the terms "physical atoms" and "chemical atoms"; a "physical atom" was a particle that cannot be divided by physical means such as temperature and pressure, and a "chemical atom" was a particle that could not be divided by chemical reactions. [26]
The Dumas method of molecular weight determination was historically a procedure used to determine the molecular weight of an unknown volatile substance. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The method was designed by the French chemist Jean Baptiste André Dumas , after whom the procedure is now named.
The year 1873, by many accounts, was a seminal point in the history of the development of the concept of the "molecule". In this year, the renowned Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell published his famous thirteen page article 'Molecules' in the September issue of Nature. [15] In the opening section to this article, Maxwell clearly states:
Many chemical syntheses and discoveries were published in Liebigs Annalen.Among these were Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff's discovery of caesium and its later isolation by Carl Setterberg, [2] Adolf Windaus' studies on the constitution of cholesterol and vitamins for which he was awarded the 1928 Nobel prize in Chemistry, [3] and many of Georg Wittig's publications, including the ...
Chloromethane (originally called "chlorohydrate of methylene") was among the earliest organochlorine compounds to be discovered when it was synthesized by French chemists Jean-Baptiste Dumas and Eugène-Melchior Péligot in 1835 by boiling a mixture of methanol, sulfuric acid, and sodium chloride. [15]
Throughout the history of literature, since the creation of bound texts in the forms of books and codices, various works have been published and written anonymously, often due to their political or controversial nature, or merely for the purposes of the privacy of their authors, among other reasons.
He collaborated with Jean-Baptiste Dumas, and together they discovered the methyl radical during experiments on wood spirit . The terminology "methyl alcohol" was created by both chemists from "wood wine". They also prepared the gaseous dimethyl ether, and many esters.