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HOCH 2 (CH 2) 2 COOH 2-oxobutanoic acid: α-ketobutyric acid: CH 3 CH 2 COCOOH 3-oxobutanoic acid: acetoacetic acid diacetic acid: CH 3 COCH 2 COOH 4-oxobutanoic acid: succinic semialdehyde: OHC(CH 2) 2 COOH butanedioic acid: succinic acid: HOOC(CH 2) 2 COOH 2-methylpropanedioic acid: methylmalonic acid: HOOCCH(CH 3)COOH -butenedioic acid ...
CH 3 (CH 2) 4 COOH: Goat fat 7: Enanthic acid: Heptanoic acid: CH 3 (CH 2) 5 COOH: Fragrance 8: Caprylic acid: Octanoic acid: CH 3 (CH 2) 6 COOH: Coconuts: 9: Pelargonic acid: Nonanoic acid: CH 3 (CH 2) 7 COOH: Pelargonium plant 10: Capric acid: Decanoic acid: CH 3 (CH 2) 8 COOH: Coconut and Palm kernel oil: 11: Undecylic acid: Undecanoic acid ...
CH 3 CH 2 COOH C3:0 Butyric acid: Butanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 2 COOH C4:0 Valeric acid: Pentanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 3 COOH C5:0 Caproic acid: Hexanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 4 COOH C6:0 Enanthic acid: Heptanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 5 COOH C7:0 Caprylic acid: Octanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 6 COOH C8:0 Pelargonic acid: Nonanoic acid CH 3 (CH 2) 7 COOH C9:0 Capric ...
The hydrogen centre in the carboxyl group (−COOH) in carboxylic acids such as acetic acid can separate from the molecule by ionization: CH 3 COOH ⇌ CH 3 CO − 2 + H + Because of this release of the proton (H +), acetic acid has acidic character. Acetic acid is a weak monoprotic acid. In aqueous solution, it has a pK a value of 4.76. [21]
When necessary, the position of the hydroxyl group is indicated by a number between the alkane name and the -ol: propan-1-ol for CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH, propan-2-ol for CH 3 CH(OH)CH 3. If a higher priority group is present (such as an aldehyde , ketone , or carboxylic acid ), then the prefix hydroxy- is used, [ 19 ] e.g., as in 1-hydroxy-2 ...
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Hydroxypropionic acids, e.g., CH 3 CH(OH)CO 2 H (lactic acid), component of milk. chiral; Hydroxybutyric acids, CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 CO 2 H (beta-Hydroxybutyric acid), carbon-storage compound; Citric acid, HO 2 CC(OH)(CH 2 CO 2 H) 2, energy-carrying compound and iron-chelator; Salicylic acid, 2−HOC 6 H 4 CO 2 H, precursor to aspirin
acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) → acetyl chloride (CH 3 COCl) benzoic acid (C 6 H 5 COOH) → benzoyl chloride (C 6 H 5 COCl) butyric acid (C 3 H 7 COOH) → butyryl chloride (C3H7COCl) (Idiosyncratically, for some trivial names, -oyl chloride substitutes -ic acid. For example, pivalic acid becomes pivaloyl chloride and acrylic acid becomes acryloyl ...