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  2. Response bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Response_bias

    A survey using a Likert style response set. This is one example of a type of survey that can be highly vulnerable to the effects of response bias. Response bias is a general term for a wide range of tendencies for participants to respond inaccurately or falsely to questions.

  3. Group dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_dynamics

    The history of group dynamics (or group processes) [2] has a consistent, underlying premise: "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts." A social group is an entity that has qualities which cannot be understood just by studying the individuals that make up the group.

  4. Recall bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recall_bias

    Recall bias is of particular concern in retrospective studies that use a case-control design to investigate the etiology of a disease or psychiatric condition. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] For example, in studies of risk factors for breast cancer , women who have had the disease may search their memories more thoroughly than members of the unaffected ...

  5. Cognitive bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias

    The Cognitive Bias Codex. A cognitive bias is a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. [1] Individuals create their own "subjective reality" from their perception of the input. An individual's construction of reality, not the objective input, may dictate their behavior in the world.

  6. Gordon H. Bower - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gordon_H._Bower

    Gordon Howard Bower (December 30, 1932 – June 17, 2020) was a cognitive psychologist studying human memory, language comprehension, emotion, and behavior modification.He received his Ph.D. in learning theory from Yale University in 1959.

  7. Self-serving bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-serving_bias

    A self-serving bias is any cognitive or perceptual process that is distorted by the need to maintain and enhance self-esteem, or the tendency to perceive oneself in an overly favorable manner. [1] It is the belief that individuals tend to ascribe success to their own abilities and efforts, but ascribe failure to external factors. [ 2 ]

  8. Bandwagon effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwagon_effect

    In social psychology, people's tendency to align their beliefs and behaviors with a group is known as 'herd mentality' or 'groupthink'. [8] The reverse bandwagon effect (also known as the snob effect in certain contexts) is a cognitive bias that causes people to avoid doing something, because they believe that other people are doing it. [9]

  9. Self-perception theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-perception_theory

    Self-perception theory (SPT) is an account of attitude formation developed by psychologist Daryl Bem. [1] [2] It asserts that people develop their attitudes (when there is no previous attitude due to a lack of experience, etc.—and the emotional response is ambiguous) by observing their own behavior and concluding what attitudes must have caused it.