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Smoker melanosis in a patient consuming 2 packs of cigarette per day. Smoking or the use of nicotine-containing drugs is the cause to Smoker's melanosis. [10] [11] Tar-components (benzopyrenes) are also known to stimulate melanocytes to melanin production, and other unknown toxic agents in tobacco may also be the cause.
Pipe smoking produces more heat on the palate than any other forms of smoking. Long-term drinking of very hot beverages can also cause a similar condition. The severity of the changes correlates with the frequency of the habit. [6] The prevalence depends on a society's use of consuming hot beverages and of smoking in its various forms.
STK typically occurs in the buccal sulcus (inside the cheek) or the labial sulcus (between the lips and the teeth) and corresponds to the site where the tobacco is held in the mouth. [6] It is painless. [7] The appearance of the lesion is variable depending upon the type of tobacco used, and the frequency and duration of use. [6]
Rosacea. What it looks like: Rosacea causes redness and thick skin on the face, usually clustered in the center.Easy flushing, a stinging sensation, and small, pus-filled pimples are other common ...
Nicotine withdrawal is a group of symptoms that occur in the first few weeks after stopping or decreasing use of nicotine.Symptoms include intense cravings for nicotine, anger or irritability, anxiety, depression, impatience, trouble sleeping, restlessness, hunger, weight gain, and difficulty concentrating.
The distinctive solid black colour of the Ayam Cemani (rooster shown) chicken breed is due to hyperpigmentation, with the bird's feathers, skin, beak and internal organs all being affected. Hyperpigmentation can be caused by sun damage, inflammation , or other skin injuries, including those related to acne vulgaris .
It is a very common oral condition and affects 13% of the world population. It is often due to poor oral hygiene which leads to accumulation of oral bacteria and build up of keratin on the tongue surface. Black hairy tongue can also be associated with the use of certain medications such as antibiotics, prolonged coffee/tea drinking habit, or ...
This may be cessation of smoking or cessation/substitution of implicated medications or mouthwashes. Generally direct measures to return the tongue to its normal appearance involve improving oral hygiene, especially scraping or brushing the tongue before sleep. [8] This promotes desquamation of the hyperparakeratotic papillae. [6]