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Cystatin C is a non-glycosylated, basic protein (isoelectric point at pH 9.3). The crystal structure of cystatin C is characterized by a short alpha helix and a long alpha helix which lies across a large antiparallel, five-stranded beta sheet. Like other type 2 cystatins, it has two disulfide bonds.
One of these is cystatin C, a ubiquitous protein secreted by most cells in the body (it is an inhibitor of cysteine protease). [14] Cystatin C is freely filtered at the glomerulus. After filtration, Cystatin C is reabsorbed and catabolized by the tubular epithelial cells, with only small amounts excreted in the urine.
Cystatin-F is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CST7 gene. [5] [6] [7]The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity.
A better estimate of kidney function is given by calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). eGFR can be calculated without a 24-hour urine collection, using serum creatinine concentration and some or all of the following variables: sex, age, and weight, as suggested by the American Diabetes Association. [19]
These are cystatin-like proteins found in a range of organisms: plant phytocystatins, fetuin in mammals, insect cystatins, and a puff adder venom cystatin, which inhibits metalloproteases of the MEROPS peptidase family M12 (astacin/adamalysin). Also, a number of the cystatin-like proteins have been shown to be devoid of inhibitory activity.
Cystatin-D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CST5 gene. [5] [6]The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors, while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity.
n/a Ensembl ENSG00000170373 n/a UniProt P01037 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001898 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001889 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 23.75 – 23.75 Mb n/a PubMed search n/a Wikidata View/Edit Human Cystatin-SN is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CST1 gene. The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active ...
Small soluble cytochrome c proteins with a molecular weight of 8-12 kDa and a single heme group belong to class I. [10] [11] It includes the low-spin soluble cytC of mitochondria and bacteria, with the heme-attachment site located towards the N-terminus, and the sixth ligand provided by a methionine residue about 40 residues further on towards the C-terminus.
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