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Lithium aluminium hydride, commonly abbreviated to LAH, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Li[Al H 4] or LiAlH 4.It is a white solid, discovered by Finholt, Bond and Schlesinger in 1947. [4]
Notice that some C-N-C angles strongly deviate from 180°, a characteristic of low-valent isocyanide complexes. [8] Because of their low steric profile and high basicity, isocyanide ligands often install easily, e.g. by treating metal halides with the isocyanide. Many metal cyanides can be N-alkylated to give isocyanide complexes. [9]
An isocyanide (also called isonitrile or carbylamine) is an organic compound with the functional group – N + ≡C −. It is the isomer of the related nitrile (–C≡N), hence the prefix is isocyano. [1] The organic fragment is connected to the isocyanide group through the nitrogen atom, not via the carbon. They are used as building blocks ...
The Bouveault–Blanc reduction is a chemical reaction in which an ester is reduced to primary alcohols using absolute ethanol and sodium metal. [1] It was first reported by Louis Bouveault and Gustave Louis Blanc in 1903. [2] [3] [4] Bouveault and Blanc demonstrated the reduction of ethyl oleate and n-butyl oleate to oleyl alcohol. [5]
Sulfonyl groups can be reduced to the sulfide with diisobutylaluminium hydride (DIBALH). Lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH 4) reduces some but not all sulfones to sulfides. [1]: 1851 In inorganic chemistry, when the group −S(=O) 2 − is not connected to any carbon atoms, it is referred to as sulfuryl. [3]
Clemmensen reduction is a chemical reaction described as a reduction of ketones or aldehydes to alkanes using zinc amalgam and concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl). [1] [2] This reaction is named after Erik Christian Clemmensen, a Danish-American chemist.
Reductions with hydrosilanes are methods used for hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of organic compounds.The approach is a subset of ionic hydrogenation.In this particular method, the substrate is treated with a hydrosilane and auxiliary reagent, often a strong acid, resulting in formal transfer of hydride from silicon to carbon. [1]
Imines are reduced via reductive amination. An imine can be reduced to an amine via hydrogenation for example in a synthesis of m-tolylbenzylamine: [32] Other reducing agents are lithium aluminium hydride and sodium borohydride. [33] The asymmetric reduction of imines has been achieved by hydrosilylation using a rhodium-DIOP catalyst. [34]