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Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes: Eastern influences on Rome and the papacy from Gregory the Great to Zacharias, A.D. 590–752. Lexington Books. Gregorovius, Ferdinand. History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages. Fields, Nic (2007). The Roman Army of the Punic Wars 264–146 BC. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-145-8.
Western Europe during its Middle Bronze Age, with the Apennine Culture in blue. The conventional division of pre-Roman cultures in Italy deals with cultures which spoke Indo-European and non-Indo-European languages. [5] The Italic languages, which include Latin, are Indo-European and were spoken, according to inscriptions, in the lower Tiber ...
King Decebalus, cornered by the Roman cavalry, eventually committed suicide rather than being captured and humiliated in Rome. The conquest of Dacia was a major accomplishment for Trajan, who ordered 123 days of celebration throughout the empire. He also constructed Trajan's Column in the middle of Trajan's Forum in Rome to glorify the victory.
The Roman Empire was one of the largest in history, with contiguous territories throughout Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. [49] The Latin phrase imperium sine fine ("empire without end" [ 50 ] ) expressed the ideology that neither time nor space limited the Empire.
These originate from the 14 regions of Augustan Rome, which evolved in the Middle Ages into the medieval rioni. [127] In the Renaissance , under Pope Sixtus V , they again reached fourteen, and their boundaries were finally defined under Pope Benedict XIV in 1743.
The traditional account of Roman history, which has come down through Livy, Plutarch, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and others, is that in Rome's first centuries, it was ruled by a succession of seven kings. The Gauls destroyed much of Rome's historical records when they sacked the city after the Battle of the Allia in 390 or 387 BC. With no ...
536 - Rome is recovered for the Roman Empire by Belisarius. 546 - Rome is sacked by Totila, King of the Ostrogoths. c. 590 - 604 - Pope Gregory the Great makes the Christian church exceedingly strong. 609 - The Pantheon becomes a Christian church. 630 - The Church of Sant' Agnese is the first Roman church to be constructed in Byzantine style.
This is a timeline of Roman history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in the Roman Kingdom and Republic and the Roman and Byzantine Empires. To read about the background of these events, see Ancient Rome and History of the Byzantine Empire .