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The Altai people (Altay: Алтай-кижи, romanized: Altay-kiji, pronounced [ɑltɑj-kidʒi]), also the Altaians (Altay: Алтайлар, romanized: Altaylar, pronounced [ɑltɑjlɑr]), are a Turkic ethnic group of indigenous peoples of Siberia mainly living in the Altai Republic, Russia.
The Altai Republic is situated in the Altai Mountains in the very center of Asia at the junction of the Siberian taiga, the steppes of Kazakhstan and the semi-deserts of Mongolia. Forests cover about 25% of the republic's territory.
The areas of southern Siberia (today's Altai, Tuva, Khakassia an neighboring areas) which were conquered by the Russian Tsardom in the 18th century (except Tuva, which was part of Mongolia under Qing rule until it became a protectorate of Russia in 1914), comprised diverse Siberian-Turkic peoples, which, by the 1910s were approximately 50% of the population of the area.
Siberia is a vast region spanning the northern part of the Asian continent and forming the Asiatic portion of Russia.As a result of the Russian conquest of Siberia (16th to 19th centuries) and of the subsequent population movements during the Soviet era (1917–1991), the modern-day demographics of Siberia is dominated by ethnic Russians and other Slavs.
Map of the Altai mountain range. The Altai Mountains (/ ɑː l ˈ t aɪ /), also spelled Altay Mountains, are a mountain system in Central and East Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan converge, and where the rivers Irtysh and Ob have their headwaters.
The Koryaks are closely related to the Ancient Paleo-Siberians. In archaeogenetics, the term Ancient Paleo-Siberian is the name given to an ancestral component that represents the lineage of the hunter-gatherer people of the 15th-10th millennia before present, in northern and northeastern Siberia.
Karakol culture stone sculpture. Anokhin Museum, Gorno-Altaysk, Altai Republic, Siberia, Russia. Karakol culture (Russian: Каракольская культура Karakol'skaya kul'tura) is a Bronze Age archaeological culture of the 2nd millennium BCE in the Altai area, consecutive to the Afanasiev culture.
Belukha Mountain (/ b ə ˈ l uː x ə /; Russian: Белуха, IPA: [bʲɪˈɫuxəl], also known as Beluga Mountain, Icemount Peak (Kazakh: Мұзтау Шыңы / Mūztau Şyñy [mʊsˈtɑw ʃəˈŋə]), or The Three Peaks (Altay: Ӱч-Сӱмер / Üç-Sümer [ʏc͡ç sʏˈmer]), is the highest peak of the Altai Mountains in Russia and the highest of the South Siberian Mountains system. [2]