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Oral fluency or speaking fluency is a measurement both of production and reception of speech, as a fluent speaker must be able to understand and respond to others in conversation. Spoken language is typically characterized by seemingly non-fluent qualities (e.g., fragmentation, pauses, false starts, hesitation, repetition) because of ‘task ...
Basic research on processing fluency has been applied to marketing, [29] to business names, and to finance. For example, psychologists have determined that, during the week following their IPO, stocks perform better when their names are fluent/easy to pronounce and when their ticker symbols are pronounceable (e.g., KAG) vs. unpronounceable (e.g., KGH).
Fluency may be developed by selecting a slow rate of speech, and making use of short phrases and sentences. With success, the speed may be increased until a natural rate of smooth speech is achieved. [9] Additionally, punishment for incorrect speech production should be eliminated, and a permissive speaking environment encouraged.
Fluency, the generation of many ideas, answers, responses, possibilities to a given situation/problem; Flexibility, the generation of alternatives, variations, adaptations, different ideas/solutions/options; Originality, the generation of new, unique and novel responses/solutions;
A verbal fluency test is a kind of psychological test in which a participant is asked to produce as many words as possible from a category in a given time (usually 60 seconds). This category can be semantic , including objects such as animals or fruits, or phonemic , including words beginning with a specified letter, such as p , for example. [ 1 ]
Fluency Vocabulary – The set of words in a given language that a speaker is familiar with, which can be subdivided into: a) words which are recognized upon hearing or reading; and b) words which a person feels comfortable using in speech.
Cultural literacy is a term coined by American educator and literary critic E. D. Hirsch, referring to the ability to understand and participate fluently in a given culture.
Referential questions are employed at higher rates when brainstorming a topic and gathering responses. [9] As there is no one fixed answer to referential questions, they can be used to instigate genuine communication, thereby facilitating less restricted discourse and promoting greater creativity in the classroom.