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A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. [1] They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. [2]
It is assumed to be a relatively normal early-B main sequence star with a mass around 7 M ☉, a temperature around 18,500 K, and a radius of about 5 R ☉. [13] As it falls short of the mass limit required for stars to undergo a supernova, it will likely expand into a red giant before dying as a massive white dwarf similar to Sirius B. [62] [63]
This is the nearest red giant to the Earth, and the fourth brightest star in the night sky. Pollux (β Geminorum) 9.06 ± 0.03 [95] AD The nearest giant star to the Earth. Spica (α Virginis A) 7.47 ± 0.54 [101] One of the nearest supernova candidates and the sixteenth-brightest star in the night sky. Regulus (α Leonis A) 4.16 × 3.14 [102]
The nearest white giant. Capella A 42.919 ± 0.049 [9] G8III [9] 11.98 ± 0.57 [9] 2.569 ± 0.007 [9] 0.03 [10] The nearest yellow giant, together with Capella A. With a magnitude of 0.08, [11] the Capella star system is the 6th-brightest star in the night sky. Capella B G0III [9] 8.83 ± 0.33 [9] 2.483 ± 0.007 [9] 0.16 [10] The nearest yellow ...
This is a list of the nearest supergiant stars to Earth, located at a distance of up to 1,100 light-years (340 parsecs) from Earth. Some of the brightest stars in the night sky, such as Rigel and Antares, are in the list. While supergiants are typically defined as stars with luminosity classes Ia, Iab or Ib, other definitions exist, such as ...
As the Earth orbits the Sun, every star is seen to shift by a fraction of an arc second, which measure, combined with the baseline provided by the Earth's orbit gives the distance to that star. Since the first successful parallax measurement by Friedrich Bessel in 1838, astronomers have been puzzled by Betelgeuse's apparent distance.
Capella A is itself a spectroscopic binary with components Aa and Ab, both giant stars. The pair of giants is separated from the pair of red dwarfs by 723". [12] American astronomer Robert Burnham Jr. described a scale model of the system where Capella A was represented by spheres 13 and 7 inches across, separated by ten feet. The red dwarfs ...
R Doradus (HD 29712 or P Doradus) is a red giant variable star in the far-southern constellation Dorado, close to the border with Reticulum. Its distance from Earth is 178 light-years (55 parsecs). Having a uniform disk diameter of 57 ± 5 mas, it is thought to be the extrasolar star with the largest apparent size as viewed from Earth.