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A phakic IOL. An intraocular lens (IOL) is a lens implanted in the eye usually as part of a treatment for cataracts or for correcting other vision problems such as near-sightedness (myopia) and far-sightedness (hyperopia); a form of refractive surgery.
Aphakia is the absence of the lens of the eye, due to surgical removal, such as in cataract surgery, a perforating wound or ulcer, or congenital anomaly. It causes a loss of ability to maintain focus ( accommodation ), high degree of farsightedness ( hyperopia ), [ 1 ] and a deep anterior chamber .
Visual acuity with Near chart without correctors Visual acuity with eye chart at Near 15.7 inches (400 mm) and without (sc: Latin sine correctore) correctors (spectacles); Ncc is with (cc: Latin cum correctore) correctors. See Visual_acuity#Legal_definitions: VA OS Left visual acuity VA OD Right visual acuity VDU Visual display unit VF Visual field
Mean deviation (MD): Derived from the total deviation and represents the overall mean departure from the age-corrected norm. [18] A negative value indicates field loss, while a positive value indicates that the field is above average. A P value is provided if the global indices are abnormal. It provides a statistical representation of the ...
Aphakia correction: High degree hypermetropia due to absence of lens (aphakia) is best corrected using intraocular lens implantation. [ citation needed ] Refractive lens exchange (RLE): A variation of cataract surgery where the natural crystalline lens is replaced with an artificial intraocular lens ; the difference is the existence of abnormal ...
Epikeratophakia [1] (also known as epikeratoplasty and onlay lamellar keratoplasty [2]) is a refractive surgical procedure in which a lamella of a donor cornea is transplanted onto the anterior surface of the patient's cornea.
"Couching for cataract"; Wellcome Collection illustration of Indian doctors performing the technique. Couching is the earliest documented form of cataract surgery. It involves dislodging the lens of the eye, thus removing the cloudiness caused by the cataract, resulting in aphakia.
Aphakic patients do not have a crystalline lens. The crystalline lens is often removed because of opacities called cataracts. The absence of this lens left the patient highly hyperopic (farsighted) in that eye. For some patients the removal was only performed on one eye, resulting in the anisometropia / aniseikonia.