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The Fischbach–Talmadge article was written in 1992, and since then, other evidence has come to light that may indicate a fifth force. [18] The above experiments search for a fifth force that is, like gravity, independent of the composition of an object, so all objects experience the force in proportion to their masses.
In physics, a force is considered a vector quantity. This means that it not only has a size (or magnitude) but also a direction in which it acts. We typically represent force with the symbol F in boldface, or sometimes, we place an arrow over the symbol to indicate its vector nature, like this: .
Snap, [6] or jounce, [2] is the fourth derivative of the position vector with respect to time, or the rate of change of the jerk with respect to time. [4] Equivalently, it is the second derivative of acceleration or the third derivative of velocity, and is defined by any of the following equivalent expressions: = ȷ = = =.
National Research Council (1999). National Science Education Standards : observe, interact, change, learn (6. printing. ed.). Washington, DC: National Academy Press. ISBN 978-0-309-05326-6. Tesfaye, Casey Langer; White, Susan (September 2010). "High school physics textbooks" (PDF). Reports on high school physics. American Institute of Physics
Approximate force applied by the motors of a Tesla Model S during maximal acceleration [22] 25.5 to 34.5 kN The estimated bite force of a large 6.7 m (22 ft) adult saltwater crocodile [23] 10 5 N 100 kN The average force applied by seatbelt and airbag to a restrained passenger in a car which hits a stationary barrier at 100 km/h [24] 569 kN
For the n particle system, let the velocity of each particle P i be V i, then the virtual displacement δr i can also be written in the form [2] = = ˙, =, …,. This means that the generalized force, Q j , can also be determined as Q j = ∑ i = 1 n F i ⋅ ∂ V i ∂ q ˙ j , j = 1 , … , m . {\displaystyle Q_{j}=\sum _{i=1}^{n}\mathbf {F ...
Archimedes' principle shows the buoyant force and displacement of fluid. However, the concept of Archimedes' principle can be applied when considering why objects float. Proposition 5 of Archimedes' treatise On Floating Bodies states that Any floating object displaces its own weight of fluid. —
Extension of a coil spring, , caused by an axial force, . Stiffness is the extent to which an object resists deformation in response to an applied force. [1] The complementary concept is flexibility or pliability: the more flexible an object is, the less stiff it is. [2]