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An example of reprisal is the Naulila dispute between Portugal and Germany in October 1914, when they were on opposite sides of the World War I chasm. After three Germans were mistakenly killed in Naulila on the border of the then-Portuguese colony of Angola (in a manner that did not violate international law), [6] Germany carried out a military raid on Naulila, destroying property in retaliation.
The Hague Conventions are often cited for guidelines concerning the limits and privileges of an occupier's rights with respect to the local (occupied) property. One of the restrictions on the occupier's use of natural resources is the Article 50 prohibition against collective punishment protecting private property.
After the United States invaded Puerto Rico in 1898 during the Spanish–American War, some leaders, such as José de Diego and Eugenio María de Hostos, expected the United States to grant the island its independence. [4] [5] Instead, under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 ratified on December 10, 1898, the U.S. annexed Puerto Rico ...
The word mostly targets illegal immigrants in the United States. [1] Generally used as an ethnic slur , [ 2 ] the term was originally coined and applied only to Mexicans who entered the U.S. state of Texas from Mexico by crossing the Rio Grande , which is the U.S. border , presumably by swimming or wading across the river and getting wet, i.e ...
Retorsion (from French: rétorsion, from Latin: retortus, influenced by Late Latin, 1585–1595, torsi, a twisting, wringing it), [1] a term used in international law, is an act perpetrated by one nation upon another in retaliation for a similar act perpetrated by the other nation. A typical example of retorsion is the use of comparably severe ...
An album recorded over the phone in a place that the American Civil Liberties Union once called a “modern-day Medieval dungeon” was widely hailed as the best ever made from jail.
In 2009, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) published a report stating that employees who reported illegal activities did not receive enough protection from retaliation by their employers. Based on data from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration , only 21% of the 1800 whistleblower cases reviewed by the agency in 2007 had "a ...
The Spanish language term was first applied to persons raiding Spanish colonies and merchant ships of the Kingdom of Spain and its Spanish Empire in the Americas, in the West Indies islands of the Caribbean Sea, the most famous of whom was the Englishman naval hero and captain, Sir Francis Drake (c. 1540 – 1596) of the beginning Royal Navy of ...