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Additive manufacturing file format (AMF) is an open standard for describing objects for additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing.The official ISO/ASTM 52915:2016 [1] [2] standard is an XML-based format designed to allow any computer-aided design software to describe the shape and composition of any 3D object to be fabricated on any 3D printer via a computer-aided manufacturing ...
The file starts with the header which defines a file in ASCII format. There are 14 vertices (6 faces * 4 vertices - 10 vertices saved due to merging) and 6 faces in total. After the header, the vertex and face data is listed. The vertex list contains position (x,y,z), normals (nx,ny,nz) and texture coordinates (s,t) for each of the 14 vertices.
The vertices of triangles are associated not only with spatial position but also with other values used to render the object correctly. Most attributes of a vertex represent vectors in the space to be rendered. These vectors are typically 1 (x), 2 (x, y), or 3 (x, y, z) dimensional and can include a fourth homogeneous coordinate (w).
UV texturing is an alternative to projection mapping (e.g., using any pair of the model's X, Y, Z coordinates or any transformation of the position); it only maps into a texture space rather than into the geometric space of the object. The rendering computation uses the UV texture coordinates to determine how to paint the three-dimensional surface.
In the case of rendering a polygon specified by a list of vertices, this might be calculated by ( V 0 − P ) ⋅ N ≥ 0 {\displaystyle \left(V_{0}-P\right)\cdot N\geq 0} where P is the view point, V 0 is the first vertex of a triangle and N could be calculated as a cross product of two vectors representing sides of the triangle adjacent to V 0
A position (usually in 3D space) along with other information such as color, normal vector and texture coordinates. edge A connection between two vertices. face A closed set of edges, in which a triangle face has three edges, and a quad face has four edges. A polygon is a coplanar set of faces. In systems that support multi-sided faces ...
Voxel is an image of a three-dimensional space region limited by given sizes, which has its own nodal point coordinates in an accepted coordinate system, its own form, its own state parameter that indicates its belonging to some modeled object, and has properties of modeled region. This definition has the following advantage.
The permutohedron of order n has n! vertices, each of which is adjacent to n − 1 others. The number of edges is (n − 1) n! / 2 , and their length is √ 2. Two connected vertices differ by swapping two coordinates, whose values differ by 1. [3] The pair of swapped places corresponds to the direction of the edge.