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Hodgkin disease, chronic leukimia, lung cancer, polycythemia vera, T-cell lymphoma, mycosia fungoides Hepatotoxicity (rare) [18] Melphalan: IV, PO: Alkylates DNA. Malignant melanoma of the extremities, multiple myeloma, conditioning treatment before haemopoietic stem cell transplant.
This is a list of chemotherapeutic agents, also known as cytotoxic agents or cytostatic drugs, that are known to be of use in chemotherapy for cancer. This list is organized by type of agent, although the subsections are not necessarily definitive and are subject to revision. Each drug is listed once (at present), though it might fall in more ...
Still used as veterinary drug and as a human antihelminthic in many markets; listed on the WHO List of Essential Medicines. In humans, it was used to treat melanoma before it was withdrawn for agranulocytosis. [29] [30] [31] Levomethadyl acetate: 2003 US Cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. [2] Lorcaserin (Belviq) 2020 US Increased risk of ...
There are various forms, [2] and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity should not be confused with some medications predominantly excreted by the kidneys needing their dose adjusted for the decreased kidney function (e.g., heparin, lithium).
Kidney failure is known as the end-stage of kidney disease, where dialysis or a kidney transplant is the only treatment option. Chronic kidney disease is defined as prolonged kidney abnormalities (functional and/or structural in nature) that last for more than three months. [ 1 ]
To treat Alzheimer's disease [4] Miglustat: Nedosiran: To lower urinary oxalate levels in primary hyperoxaluria type 1 and relatively preserved kidney function [4] Nirogacestat: To treat desmoid tumors [4] Pembrolizumab: Sutimlimab: Talquetamab: To treat relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma after at least four therapies [4] Toripalimab
As most chemotherapy drugs kill cancer cells in this manner, defective apoptosis allows survival of these cells, making them resistant. Many chemotherapy drugs also cause DNA damage, which can be repaired by enzymes in the cell that carry out DNA repair. Upregulation of these genes can overcome the DNA damage and prevent the induction of apoptosis.
Drug overdoses, accidental or from chemical overloads of drugs such as antibiotics or chemotherapy, along with bee stings [25] may also cause the onset of acute kidney injury. Unlike chronic kidney disease, however, the kidneys can often recover from acute kidney injury, allowing the person with AKI to resume a normal life.