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The Four Horsemen c. 1496–98 by Albrecht Dürer, depicting the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Woodcut is a relief printing technique in printmaking.An artist carves an image into the surface of a block of wood—typically with gouges—leaving the printing parts level with the surface while removing the non-printing parts.
Example of a 16th-century woodcut, Dürer's Rhinoceros, by Albrecht Dürer, 1515. In 15th- and 16th-century Europe, woodcuts were a common technique in printmaking and printing, yet their use as an artistic medium began to decline in the 17th century. They were still made for basic printing press work such as newspapers or almanacs.
The most commonly used graphic methods were woodcut, lithography, etching and silkscreen printing, and new techniques such as color aquatint were developed. [2] The offset printing also emerged, which revolutionized graphic art. Offset is a process similar to lithography, consisting of applying an ink on a metal plate, usually aluminum.
Prints & people: a social history of printed pictures (full PDF). New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 9780870991080. Beth Grabowski and Bill Fick, "Printmaking: A Complete Guide to Materials & Processes." Prentice Hall, 2009. ISBN 0-205-66453-9; Donna Anderson Experience Printmaking. Worcester, MA: Davis Publications, 2009.
The "Provincetown Print", a white-line woodcut print, was attributed to this group. Rather than creating separate woodblocks for each color, one block was made and painted. Small groves between the elements of the design created the white line. [3] Because the artists often used soft colors, they sometimes have the appearance of a watercolor ...
Authorship of many woodcuts is uncertain, with different sources disagreeing if the woodcut was made by Dürer alone, with help of one of his students, or by one of his students with or without Dürer supervision. For some prints we also have only copies from late printings, which could be by Dürer or a copy of a lost print by him.
Puddle is a woodcut print by the Dutch artist M. C. Escher, first printed in February 1952. Since 1936, Escher's work had become primarily focused on paradoxes, tessellation and other abstract visual concepts. This print, however, is a realistic depiction of a simple image that portrays two perspectives at once.
A common cause of holes in Japanese woodblock prints is the deathwatch beetle (Xestobium rufovillosum). These beetles were commonly found in wood used to build furniture in the Edo period. Woodblock prints that were stored on bookshelves, or other furniture infested with these beetles, also became infested themselves. [5]