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In 2010, Panasonic introduced a new lineup of consumer AVCHD camcorders with 1080-line 50p/60p progressive-scan mode (frame rate depending on region). [13] Panasonic advised that not all players that support AVCHD playback could play 1080-line 50p/60p video. [ 14 ]
D-5 HD uses standard D-3/D-5 videocassettes to record HD material, using an intra-frame compression with a 4:1 ratio. It was introduced in 1994. [2] D-5 HD supports the 1080 and the 1035 interlaced line standards at both 60 Hz and 59.94 Hz field rates, all 720 progressive line standards and the 1080 progressive line standard at 24, 25 and 30 frame rates.
To convert 24 frame/s film to 29.97 frame/s (presented as 59.94 interlaced fields per second) NTSC, a process called "3:2 pulldown" is used, in which every other film frame is duplicated across an additional interlaced field to achieve a framerate of 23.976 (the audio is slowed imperceptibly from the 24 frame/s source to match). This produces ...
Frame rate and scan lines can remain untouched. Conversion to/from PAL/625 lines/25 frame/s and SECAM/625/25 signals involves changing the frame rates as well as the scan lines. This is achieved using complicated circuitry involving a digital frame store, the same method used for converting between NTSC and the 625/25 standards.
The bitrate settings for Class 4:4:4 varies between 200 and 440 Mbit / sec depending on the resolution, frame rate and bit depth. Both the Class 200 and the Class 4:4:4 are Intra-only coding modes. The AVC-Proxy mode enables extremely fast ENG content delivery and offline edits of 720p and 1080p video at bitrates varying between 800 Kbit to 3.5 ...
Also, other patterns have been described that refer to the progressive frame rate conversion required to display 24 frame/s video (e.g., from a DVD player) on a progressive display (e.g., LCD or plasma): [11] 24 frame/s to 96 frame/s (4× frame repetition): pulldown is 4:4; 24 frame/s to 120 frame/s (5× frame repetition): pulldown is 5:5
The options for the latter are progressively scanned frame (P), progressive segmented frames (PsF), and interlaced (I) 24/P, 24/PsF, 23.976/P, 23.976/PsF These combinations match the frame rate used for theatrical motion pictures. The fractional rates are included for compatibility with the "pull-down" rates used with NTSC.
In the United States and other countries where television uses the 59.94 Hz vertical scanning frequency, video is broadcast at 29.97 frame/s. For the film's motion to be accurately rendered on the video signal, a telecine must use a technique called the 2:3 pull down (or a variant called 3:2 pull down) to convert from 24 to 29.97 frame/s.