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In Greek mythology, the Greek underworld, or Hades, is a distinct realm (one of the three realms that make up the cosmos) where an individual goes after death. The earliest idea of afterlife in Greek myth is that, at the moment of death, an individual's essence ( psyche ) is separated from the corpse and transported to the underworld. [ 1 ]
Hā́idēs, Attic Greek: [háːi̯dεːs], later [háːdεːs]), in the ancient Greek religion and mythology, is the god of the dead and the king of the underworld, with which his name became synonymous. [2] Hades was the eldest son of Cronus and Rhea, although this also made him the last son to be regurgitated by his father. [3]
Cocytus / k oʊ ˈ s aɪ t ə s / or Kokytos / k oʊ ˈ k aɪ t ə s / (Ancient Greek: Κωκυτός, literally "lamentation") is the river of wailing in the underworld in Greek mythology. [1] Cocytus flows into the river Acheron , on the other side of which lies Hades , the underworld , the mythological abode of the dead.
Persephone supervising Sisyphus in the Underworld, Attic black-figure amphora, c. 530 BC, Staatliche Antikensammlungen [1] Sisyphus and Amphiaraus, copy of mural in François Tomb from Vulci made in 4th century BC. In Greek mythology, Sisyphus or Sisyphos (/ ˈ s ɪ s ɪ f ə s /; Ancient Greek: Σίσυφος Sísyphos) was the founder and ...
While according to Greek mythology the realm of Hades is the place of the dead, Tartarus also has a number of inhabitants. When Cronus came to power as the King of the Titans , he imprisoned the three ancient one-eyed Cyclopes and only the hundred-armed Hecatonchires in Tartarus and set the monster Campe as its guard.
Ancient Greek literary sources such as Pindar, Aeschylus, Euripides, Plato, and Callimachus also place Charon on the Acheron. Roman poets, including Propertius, Ovid, and Statius, name the river as the Styx, perhaps following the geography of Virgil's underworld in the Aeneid, where Charon is associated with both rivers.
The location was also associated with the cavernous entrance to Hades, the underworld in Greek mythology, which was said to be at Thermopylae. [4] According to one version of the Labours of Heracles, it was said that the waters at Thermopylae became hot because the divine hero Heracles tried to cleanse himself of the Hydra's poison there. [5]
In Greek mythology Nysa is a mythical mountain with an unknown location. [h] Nysion (or Mysion), the place of the abduction of Persephone was also probably a mythical place which did not exist on the map, a magically distant chthonic land of myth which was intended in the remote past. [120]