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[15] k 1 is the rate constant for chemical uptake from water at the respiratory surface (L*kg −1 *d −1). [15] C WD is the chemical concentration dissolved in water (g*L −1 ). [ 15 ] k 2 ,k E ,k G ,k B are rate constants that represent excretion from the organism from the respiratory surface, fecal excretion, metabolic transformation, and ...
Basalt fiber. Basalt fibers are produced from basalt rocks by melting them and converting the melt into fibers. Basalts are rocks of igneous origin. The main energy consumption for the preparation of basalt raw materials to produce of fibers is made in natural conditions. Basalt fibers are classified into 3 types: Basalt continuous fibers (BCF ...
Figure 1: The principal steps of a workflow for compressing genomic re-sequencing data: (1) processing of the original sequencing data (e.g., reducing the original dataset to only variations relative to a specified reference sequence; (2) Encoding the processed data into binary form; and (3) decoding the data back to text form.
For example, if the static compression ratio is 10:1, and the dynamic compression ratio is 7.5:1, a useful value for cylinder pressure would be 7.5 1.3 × atmospheric pressure, or 13.7 bar (relative to atmospheric pressure). The two corrections for dynamic compression ratio affect cylinder pressure in opposite directions, but not in equal strength.
The compression set (ASTM D395) of a material is the permanent deformation remaining after compressing it. [1] In specific methods, temperatures and percent compression are specified. The term is normally applied to soft materials such as elastomers and foams. Compression is normally measured in two ways: compression set A and compression set B ...
B48 in a 2014 MINI Cooper S. The BMW B48 is a turbocharged inline-four petrol engine which replaced the BMW N20 and has been in production since 2014. It was first used in the F56 Mini Hatch and has been used in BMW applications since 2015. The B48 is part of a modular BMW engine family of 3-cylinder (B38 / B37), 4-cylinder (B48/ B47) and 6 ...
Definition. Data compression ratio is defined as the ratio between the uncompressed size and compressed size: [1][2][3][4][5] Thus, a representation that compresses a file's storage size from 10 MB to 2 MB has a compression ratio of 10/2 = 5, often notated as an explicit ratio, 5:1 (read "five" to "one"), or as an implicit ratio, 5/1.
In an uncompressed scheme with similar 8-bit precision, the source data is 32 8-bit values for the same area, occupying 256 bits. The algorithm therefore produces a 2:1 compression ratio. The compression ratio is sometimes stated as being "up to 4:1" as it is common to use 16-bit precision for input data rather than 8-bit.