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The grade (US) or gradient (UK) (also called stepth, slope, incline, mainfall, pitch or rise) of a physical feature, landform or constructed line refers to the tangent of the angle of that surface to the horizontal. It is a special case of the slope, where zero indicates horizontality. A larger number indicates higher or steeper degree of "tilt".
To compensate for this, the gradient should be a little less steep the sharper the curve is; the necessary grade reduction is assumed to be given by a simple formula such as 0.04 per cent per "degree of curve", the latter being a measure of curve sharpness used in the United States. On a 10-degree curve (radius 573.7 feet) the grade would thus ...
Stream gradient (or stream slope) is the grade (or slope) of a stream. It is measured by the ratio of drop in elevation and horizontal distance. [1] It is a dimensionless quantity, usually expressed in units of meters per kilometer (m/km) or feet per mile (ft/mi); it may also be expressed in percent (%). The world average river reach slope is 2 ...
1 in 15.4 (6.5%) Incline from the Causeway Street Tunnel up to the Lechmere Viaduct on the Green Line (MBTA), Boston, Massachusetts, United States [18] This incline is commonly believed to be the "steepest grade of tracks in the T system." [19] 1 in 15.9 (6.3%) Alishan Forest Railway, Taiwan: 1 in 16.4 (6.1%) Hunsrückbahn, Germany: Built as a ...
Many steep grade railways are located in mountain regions, and are hence also mountain railways. Such railways may form part of infrastructure provided for use by tourists, or as provision for winter sports. Other steep grade railways are located in hilly urban areas. Again these may be largely tourist oriented, or may be used as part of the ...
Amazon is the world's largest e-commerce company, and it maintains a wide moat by providing steep discounts, cheap shipping options, and more perks to over 200 million Prime members worldwide.
Sag vertical curves are curves which, when viewed from the side, are concave upwards. This includes vertical curves at valley bottoms, but it also includes locations where an uphill grade becomes steeper, or a downhill grade becomes less steep. The most important design criterion for these curves is headlight sight distance. [2]
Two spectacular runaway accidents are associated with the tunnel, which has a steep grade of approximately 6%. [5] [10]: 5 In both instances, trolleys entering from the south tunnel ran downhill, lost control, jumped the tracks at the north portal, and crashed.