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A shield boss, or umbo, is a round, convex or conical piece of material at the centre of a shield. Shield bosses (or sometimes, just "bosses") are usually made of thick metal but could also be made of wood. The boss was originally designed to deflect blows from the centre of round shields, though they also provided a place to mount the shield's ...
The shield wall or skjaldborg was a main formation in which accomplished Viking warriors would create a line of interlocked shields and thrust spears at adversaries. Other notable tactics included the svinfylking "boar battle formation", in which warriors would create a wedge configuration and attempt to burst through the front line of nearby foes.
Shields also appears to have been covered in thin leather, preventing them from splintering. In addition to this, the weapons of their enemies sometimes became stuck in the shield, giving the Viking an opportunity to kill them. [63] Shields had its hand grip hidden behind an iron boss and measures about 1 m in diameter. [54]
The other type is the tall cone boss, which was commonly used from the seventh century onward. These bosses were constructed of an iron sheet (or sheets), and were welded together from the rim to the apex. [94] Iron or bronze rivets were then used to attach the boss to the shield; four or five rivets were most commonly used, although as many as ...
Targe (from Old Franconian targa 'shield', Proto-Germanic *targo 'border') was a general word for shield in late Old English. [citation needed] Its diminutive, target, came to mean an object to be aimed at in the 18th century. [citation needed] The term refers to various types of shields used by infantry troops from the 13th to 16th centuries ...
Birka grave Bj 581 held a female Viking warrior buried with weapons during the 10th century in Birka, Sweden. Although the remains had been thought to be of a male warrior since the grave's excavation in 1878, both a 2014 osteological analysis and a 2017 DNA study proved that the remains were of a female.
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Her eyes are very clearly delineated and her hair is tied at the back of her neck. In her right hand she holds a sword, in her left a round shield with a salient shield boss. [1] [2] [3] The figure matches similar figures which have been dated to 800 AD, and so it is assumed that this figure dates to the same period during the Viking Age.
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