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The 1960 Valdivia earthquake and tsunami (Spanish: Terremoto de Valdivia) or the Great Chilean earthquake (Gran terremoto de Chile) occurred on 22 May 1960.Most studies have placed it at 9.4–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale, [1] while some studies have placed the magnitude lower than 9.4.
The largest recorded megathrust earthquake was the 1960 Valdivia earthquake, estimated between magnitudes 9.4–9.6, centered off the coast of Chile along the Peru-Chile Trench, where the Nazca plate subducts under the South American plate. [26] This megathrust region has regularly generated extremely large earthquakes.
The northern side is a divergent boundary with the Cocos plate, the Cocos–Nazca spreading centre. The subduction of the Nazca plate under southern Chile has a history of producing massive earthquakes, including the largest ever recorded on earth, the moment magnitude 9.5 1960 Valdivia earthquake.
Chile lies in a region which is adjacent to the fast-moving Nazca plate, and has high tectonic activity.The records for earlier centuries are apparently incomplete. Of the world's 46 known earthquakes with M ≥ 8.5 since the year 1500, one-third occurred in Chile [citation needed] and are shown in the map to the side.
Chile has been at a convergent plate boundary that generates megathrust earthquakes since the Paleozoic era (500 million years ago). In historical times the Chilean coast has suffered many megathrust earthquakes along this plate boundary, including the strongest earthquake ever measured, the 1960 Valdivia earthquake.
22 May – occurs the 1960 Valdivia earthquake With a magnitude of 9.5 MW, it is the largest recorded in the history of mankind Its epicenter was the city of Valdivia and mainly affected the area between Talca and Chiloé Archipelago The earthquake was felt in different parts of the planet and produced both a tidal wave —which affected various locations throughout the Pacific Ocean such as ...
Off the coast of Chile, the Nazca Plate subducts beneath the South American Plate along the Peru–Chile or Atacama Megathrust, producing large earthquakes including the 1960 Chilean earthquake which had a magnitude of 9.5–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale. [4] In some cases, intraslab earthquakes occur.
Off the coast of Chile, the Nazca plate subducts beneath the South American plate along the Peru–Chile Megathrust; a convergent plate boundary. Active subduction produce large earthquakes including the 1960 Valdivia earthquake which had a magnitude of 9.5–9.6 on the moment magnitude scale. [4]